摘要
目的探索司法精神病鉴定诊断为无精神病者凶杀行为的社会心理特点。方法对2019年1月—2024年12月在开封汴京法医精神病司法鉴定所以“故意杀人”为案由的案件资料进行研究分析,将鉴定诊断为“无精神病”的31例案件作为研究组,选取同一时期鉴定诊断为“精神分裂症”的34例案件作为对照组,选取同期体检的30名志愿者作为正常对照组。采用自制调查表收集两组一般人口学资料、临床资料、作案行为特征等进行统计分析,正常对照组填写社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),将研究组与对照组及正常对照组结果进行比较,探讨无精神病者凶杀行为及社会心理因素等方面的特点。结果研究组和对照组在性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状态、预谋、作案场所、作案时间等方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组在作案动机、作案对象、案发前状态、案发后表现、刑事责任能力方面差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。心理测评量表中客观支持、支持利用度、社会支持总分、精神质、神经质因子在两组间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);主观支持、内外向、掩饰程度评分在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度、社会支持总分及神经质、精神质、内外向因子评分与正常对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论无精神病行凶者作案的行为特征与精神分裂症者不同,人格特点、社会支持与精神分裂症者及正常人群均有差异。社会层面应加强对行为偏离常人和低社会支持人群的监管和帮扶,有助于预防违法犯罪案件的发生。
Objective To explore the psychosocial characteristics of homicide behavior in individuals diagnosed with“no mental disorder”in forensic psychiatric evaluations.Methods Case data from the Kaifeng Bianjing Forensic Psychiatric Judicial Appraisal Institute between January 2019 and December 2024,with“intentional homicide”as the case reason,were analyzed.31 cases diagnosed with“no mental disorder”were selected as the study group,while 34 cases diagnosed with“schizophrenia”during the same period served as the control group.Additionally,30 healthy volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period were included as the normal control group.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect general demographic data,clinical information,and behavioral characteristics of the offenses for statistical analysis.The normal control group completed the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ).The results of the study group were compared with those of the control group and the normal control group to explore the characteristics of homicidal behavior and psychosocial factors in individuals without mental disorders.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the schizophrenia control group in terms of gender,age,education level,occupation,marital status,premeditation,crime location,or time of offense(P>0.05).However,significant differences were observed in crime motivation,victim selection,pre-offense state,post-offense behavior,and criminal responsibility(P<0.05).In psychological assessments,objective support,support utilization,total social support score,psychoticism,and neuroticism factors showed statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05),whereas there were no statistically significant differences in subjective support,extraversion-introversion,and lie scale scores(P>0.05).Compared with the normal control group,there were significant differences in subjective support,objective support,support utilization,total social support score,neuroticism,psychoticism,and extraversion-introversion factors in the study group(P<0.001).Conclusions The behavioral characteristics of homicide offenders without mental disorders differ from those with schizophrenia,and their personality traits and social support levels also vary significantly from both schizophrenia patients and the general population.Society should strengthen supervision and support for individuals with behavioral deviations and low social support to help prevent criminal offenses.
作者
王桢桢
许萍
程哲
张富松
李志榕
杨世昌
Wang Zhenzhen;Xu Ping;Cheng Zhe;Zhang Fusong;Li Zhirong;Yang Shichang(The Fifth People's Hospital of Kaifeng City,Kaifeng,Henan 475000,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China;Clinical Center of Xinxiang Medical University Psychosis Combination of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China)
出处
《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》
2025年第16期1542-1546,共5页
Journal of Qiqihar Medical University
关键词
司法鉴定
无精神病
凶杀
社会支持
人格
Forensic appraisal
No mental disorder
Homicide
Social support
Personality
