摘要
牙周膜干细胞(PDLSCs)是重要的干细胞类型,存在于牙周膜中,具有自我更新能力和多向分化的特点。近年来,细胞组织工程(CTE)已成为一种很有前途的组织修复策略,其中干细胞是基本要素之一,而干细胞的治疗效果主要是通过释放旁分泌因子而体现。研究发现,PDLSCs可以通过分泌外泌体(PDLSCs-Exos)与周围微环境进行通讯,PDLSCs-Exos富含多种生物活性物质,参与几乎所有的细胞相互作用,特别是在信息传递、抗原呈递、免疫和靶细胞调节、组织再生等方面。巨噬细胞作为免疫系统的重要组成部分,其极化状态对于维持组织稳态、参与炎症反应及组织修复至关重要。研究表明,PDLSCs-Exos可以将促炎型巨噬细胞转化为抗炎型巨噬细胞,从而加快牙周炎症的愈合,促进软硬组织的修复。本文综述PDLSCs-Exos对巨噬细胞极化的影响,探讨其在牙周组织修复及炎症调节中的潜在机制。
Periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)represent a significant class of stem cells located within the periodontal ligament,distinguished by their self-renewal capabilities and multipotent differentiation potential.In recent years,cell-based tissue engineering(CTE)has emerged as a promising approach for tissue regeneration,with stem cells serving as one of its fundamental components.The therapeutic effects of stem cells are primarily mediated through the release of paracrine factors.Research has revealed that PDLSCs can communicate with their surrounding microenvironment by secreting exosomes(PDLSCs-Exos).These exosomes are enriched with a variety of bioactive molecules and play a role in nearly all cellular interactions,particularly in signal transduction,antigen presentation,immune modulation,target cell regulation,and tissue regeneration.Macrophages,as critical components of the immune system,exhibit polarization states that are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis,participating in inflammatory responses,and facilitating tissue repair.Studies have demonstrated that PDLSCs-Exos can induce the transformation of pro-inflammatory macrophages into anti-inflammatory macrophages,thereby accelerating the resolution of periodontal inflammation and promoting the regeneration of both soft and hard tissues.This review aims to summarize the effects of PDLSCs-Exos on macrophage polarization and explore their underlying mechanisms in periodontal tissue repair and inflammation modulation.
作者
赵明月
胡颖
ZHAO Mingyue;HU Ying(School of Stomatology,Binzhou Medical University,Shandong,Yantai 264000,China;Department of Oral Medicine,Jinan Stomatological Hospital,Shandong,Jinan 250001,China)
出处
《中国医药科学》
2025年第15期46-50,共5页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
基金
山东大学2022年科技创新发展计划第二十五批(临床医学科技创新计划)项目(202225036)。
关键词
牙周膜干细胞
外泌体
巨噬细胞极化
牙周组织修复
Periodontal ligament stem cells
Exosomes
Macrophage polarisation
Periodontal tissue repair
