摘要
目的 研究2008-2023年高安市手足口病流行特征及趋势变化。方法 采用描述流行病学方法对2008-2023年高安市手足口病资料进行分析,并运用Joinpoint回归软件分析趋势变化。结果 2008-2023年高安市共报告手足口病患者3669例,其中2008年年均发病率最低,2017年年均发病率最高,在2017-2022年呈逐渐下降趋势,各年间发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高安市27个镇、乡、街道均有病例报告,发病前4位的分别为瑞州街道、筠阳街道、八景镇、灰埠镇,最少的为汪家圩乡;每年3~6月份是手足口病高发季节,3月份开始疫情快速上升,6月份达到发病高峰,3~6月份发病数占总数的54.51%,2月份发病数最低,占总数的1.28%;男性发病率高于女性发病率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者最大年龄32岁,最小6个月,中位年龄3.69岁,其中1岁及以下占病例总数的63.01%;人群主要以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,分别占92.45%、6.41%;2017-2023年发病率呈较慢下降趋势,散居儿童发病数百分比在2008-2023年呈急速上升趋势,在3~6月份呈急速上升趋势,6~12月份呈较慢下降趋势。结论 2008-2023年高安市手足口病具有一定的流行特征,并且保持一定的变化趋势。男性散居儿童和幼托儿童是主要发病人群,主要集中于1岁及以下,街道(筠阳、瑞州)、城镇为主要发病地区,且每年6月份为高发期,主要通过临床病例诊断发现。因此,该地区应在高发季节,对高发地区针对性人群加强疫情监测和宣传教育。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and trend changes of hand-foot-mouth disease in Gao'an City from 2008 to 2023.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of HFMD in Gao'an City from 2008 to 2023,and Joinpoint regression software was used to analyze the trend changes.Results From 2008 to 2023,a total of 3669 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Gao'an City,of which the average annual incidence rate was the lowest in 2008 and the highest in 2017,showing a gradual downward trend from 2017 to 2022,the incidence of each year was statistically significant(P<0.05).Cases were reported in 27 towns,townships and streets in Gao'an City,the top four were Ruizhou Street,Junyang Street,Bajing Town and Huibu Town,and the least was Wangjiawei Township.March to June was the high incidence season of hand-foot-mouth disease,the epidemic began to rise rapidly in March,and reached the peak in June,the number of cases from March to June accounted for 54.51%of the total,and the number of cases in February was the lowest,accounting for 1.28%of the total.The incidence of male was higher than that of female,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The maximum age of the patients was 32 years old,the minimum was 6 months,and the median age was 3.69 years old.Among them,63.01%of the patients were 1 year old and below.The population was mainly scattered children and preschool children,accounting for 92.45%and 6.41%respectively.From 2017 to 2023,the incidence rate showed a slow downward trend.The percentage of scattered children showed a rapid upward trend from 2008 to 2023,a rapid upward trend from March to June,and a slow downward trend from June to December.Conclusion From 2008 to 2023,hand-foot-mouth disease in Gao'an City has certain epidemiological characteristics and maintains a certain trend.Male scattered children and kindergarten children are the main incidence groups,mainly concentrated in 1 year old and below.Streets(Junyang,Ruizhou)and towns are the main incidence areas,and June is the high incidence period every year,mainly through clinical case diagnosis.Therefore,the region should strengthen epidemic monitoring and publicity and education for targeted populations in high-risk areas during the high-incidence season.
作者
孙迎春
唐瑶
彭文英
SUN Yingchun;TANG Yao;PENG Wenying(Emergency Department of Infectious Disease Prevention,Gao'an City Disease Prevention and Control Center,Gao'an 330800,Jiangxi,China)
出处
《医学信息》
2025年第17期77-81,共5页
Journal of Medical Information
关键词
高安市
手足口病
流行特征
流行趋势
Gao'an City
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Epidemic trend
