摘要
在边沁的功利主义理论、罗尔斯的分配正义理论等,都无法实现社会资源分配机制全面智能化的情况下,沃尔泽的社会善品意义论语境主义正义为分配正义算法化提供了思路。以作为社会善品之一的面包为例进行论证,在面包处于不直接危及人的生命的社会语境中、直接危及个体生命的社会语境中、多主体生命竞争的社会语境中,人工智能算法都可以根据面包在不同的社会语境中所拥有的不同的社会意义——比如商品、供品、奖品,急救品,敬老品、爱幼品、生命等价品等——所决定的不同的分配正义原则,包括等价交换原则、随缘供给原则、归于应得原则,满足需要原则,敬老式原则、爱幼式原则、随机式原则等,对面包进行正义的分配。从社会善品意义论语境主义正义来指导人工智能算法编程,以期实现分配正义算法化在理论上是可行的。
Artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms are assisting and supporting humans in handling various complex affairs.In the future,they will support and assist humans in the allocation of social resources and benefits.To enable AI algorithms to better carry out allocation activities,it is necessary to embed allocation justice ethics in the initial algorithm programming,that is,to guide the relevant programming tasks of AI algorithms with specific allocation justice ethics.However,existing literature on solving this problem from the perspectives of Bentham s utilitarianism theory and Rawls distributive justice theory has shown a dilemma,so it is necessary to find a way out from other theoretical perspectives.This article,from the perspective of contextualist justice,randomly selects bread as one of the social goods as an example to study whether AI algorithms can implement justice distribution on bread in different social contexts.It finds that whether in general social contexts such as supermarkets,temples,or sports fields that do not directly endanger human life,or in special social contexts such as supermarkets where beggars enter,temples where robbers break in,or sports fields where someone faints,or in complex social contexts where multiple subjects compete for life,AI algorithms can assign social meaning to bread based on the social context in which it is located,and implement just distribution of bread that matches the social meaning of bread.Therefore,it is feasible for AI algorithms to allocate social goods based on the social meaning assigned to them by the social context.This article expands on previous literature in the following two aspects.Firstly,it explores the mechanism of AI algorithms allocating social goods based on the social context in which social goods are located and the social significance of the social goods determined by them.From a new perspective,it expands previous literature on the justice of AI algorithm allocation.Secondly,unlike existing research that only abstractly discusses the algorithmic implementation of distributive justice,this article takes specific social goods and their specific social contexts as examples to conduct a systematic study that combines theoretical speculation and empirical verification of the algorithmic implementation of distributive justice,clearly presenting the internal workings of distributive justice algorithms.This article reveals the mechanism of algorithmic allocation justice,which helps designers,producers,and regulatory departments of AI to embed appropriate and reasonable allocation justice ethics into the relevant programming tasks of AI algorithms,ensuring that AI algorithms allocate social resources and interests fairly,forming feasible solutions that balance technological innovation incentives and social equity maintenance,and promoting the harmonious development of the digital society.
出处
《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期88-102,共15页
Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目“语境主义视角下社会正义发展的路径优化研究”(AHSKYY2024D056)。
关键词
分配正义
人工智能
算法化
语境主义
社会意义
distributive justice
AI
algorithmization
contextualism
social meaning
