摘要
提出一种航空狭窄空间薄壁件机器人砂带磨抛振动抑制方法,以提高加工振动稳定性以及加工工件的表面质量。首先,通过建立航空薄壁件机器人磨抛动力学模型,分析影响振动稳定性的关键工艺参数;其次,通过增加阻尼的方式对传统砂带机进行改进,采用被动振动控制的方法对机器人砂带磨抛过程中的振动进行抑制;最后,设计正交试验进行磨抛参数优化,并对优化后砂带机的抑振效果进行验证。通过对实验采集的振动信号进行分析可知,优化后的抑振砂带机相较于传统砂带机振幅降低约38.8%,其加工后的叶轮叶片表面粗糙度Ra降至0.4μm以下。实验结果表明:抑振砂带机可达性良好,且在加工薄壁件时能显著抑制机器人砂带磨抛过程中的振动;采用抑振砂带机磨抛时,适当降低砂带线速度和进给速度、采用接口较软的砂带可以进一步抑制磨抛过程中的振动。
Objectives:With the rapid development of the aviation industry,the surface quality requirements for critical aero-engine components such as integrally bladed disks and integrally bladed rotors have increased.These components have narrow blade passages and poor accessibility,making traditional grinding tools prone to interference.Moreover,the weak stiffness of thin-walled parts and the grinding system can cause severe vibrations during robotic grinding,leading to surface defects and irreversible damage,thus limiting processing quality.This study proposes a vibration suppression method for thin-walled parts in confined spaces to reduce grinding vibrations and improve surface quality and stability.Methods:A combined approach of theoretical modeling,tool optimization,and experimental validation is used.First,a dynamic model of robotic grinding for thin-walled parts is established,considering both flutter and forced vibrations,to identify key process parameters affecting vibration stability.A passive vibration control method is then applied by adding a spring damper to the traditional belt grinder to increase system damping and by downsizing the tool for better accessibility.Finally,orthogonal experiments are designed to optimize key process parameters and validate the vibration suppression effect of the optimized belt grinder.Results:The dynamic model indicates that contact force,belt speed,feed rate,and system damping significantly affect vibration stability.Analysis of the forced vibration model shows that damping effectively reduces vibration amplitude near resonance frequencies.Experimental vibration signals shows that the optimized belt grinder reduces vibration amplitude by approximately 38.8%compared to the traditional one.Mean analysis of vibration experiments reveals that belt speed and belt joint stiffness negatively correlate with vibration stability,while contact force and feed rate show a decreasing-increasing trend.Range analysis indicates that belt speed and feed rate have the greatest impact on vibration stability,suggesting these parameters should be closely controlled during grinding.After grinding with the optimized belt grinder,the blade surface is smooth and free of vibration marks,with surface roughness Ra reduced to below 0.4μm,meeting technical requirements.Conclusions:Passive vibration control and parameter optimization are used to suppress vibrations during robotic grinding of thin-walled parts.The vibration-suppressing belt grinder,with increased damping and a downsized design,effectively reduces grinding vibrations,enabling interference-free grinding in confined spaces and achieving high surface quality.Orthogonal experiments shows that feed rate and belt speed significantly affect vibration stability.Reducing belt speed and feed rate and using softer belt joints can further suppress vibrations during grinding.
作者
李伟刚
魏锦辉
王阳
赵吉宾
李论
朱光
LI Weigang;WEI Jinhui;WANG Yang;ZHAO Jibin;LI Lun;ZHU Guang(Shenyang Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China)
出处
《金刚石与磨料磨具工程》
北大核心
2025年第4期561-568,共8页
Diamond & Abrasives Engineering
基金
辽宁省自然科学基金(2023-MS-034)
国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20232882)
中国博士后面上科学基金(2023M743703)。
关键词
机器人砂带磨抛
振动抑制
薄壁件
参数优化
整体叶轮
robot abrasive belt polishing
vibration suppression
thin-walled workpieces
parameter optimization
integral impeller
