摘要
为了解决现有的传感器和测量方法无法满足水下冲击测量,特别是水下拉伸应力测量的问题,分析了当前最常用的多层结构传感器存在的问题,在压杆传感器原理基础上,建立新型全波形测量装置;以水下电火花爆炸以及产生的空泡溃灭冲击作为测量对象,使用高灵敏度的激光多普勒测速仪(PDV)记录压杆中的压力和张力波形;结合高速摄影,对比了不同距离处空泡溃灭产生的冲击作用波形,并对空泡溃灭冲击作用机理进行了分析,揭示了水中电爆炸以及空泡溃灭冲击作用随着无量纲距离的变化规律。结果表明,新型测量装置能够准确测试到包含拉伸作用的微秒级冲击作用脉冲,水下电爆炸产生的空化泡在溃灭时产生很强的冲击作用,空化冲击的强弱会受到无量纲距离、次生空化等因素的影响。
To address the issue that existing sensors and measurement methods can not meet the requirements of underwater impact measurement,particularly underwater tensile stress measurement,the limitations of multi-layer structure sensors which are currently widely used were analyzed.A new full-waveform measurement device based on the principle of pressure bar sensors was developed.Using underwater electric spark explosions and the resulting cavitation collapse impacts as measurement objects,a high-sensitivity Laser Doppler Velocimeter(PDV)was employed to record pressure and tension waveforms inside the pressure bar.Combined with high-speed photography,the impact waveforms generated by cavitation collapse at different distances were compared,and the mechanism of cavitation collapse impact was analyzed,revealing the variation regularity of underwater electric explosion and cavitation collapse impact with dimensionless distance.The results show that the new kind of measurement device can accurately capture microsecond-level impact pulses containing tensile effects.The cavitation bubbles generated by underwater electric explosions produce strong impacts during collapse,and the intensity of cavitation impact is influenced by factors such as dimensionless distance and secondary cavitation,etc.
作者
马有志
吕玺
刘博
朱革
慕晓刚
周文君
王煊军
MA You-zhi;LüXi;LIU Bo;ZHU Ge;MU Xiao-gang;ZHOU Wen-jun;WANG Xuan-jun(Shenyang Military Representative Bureau of PLA Army,Shenyang 110017,China;Zhijian Laboratory,Rocket Force University of Engineering,Xi′an 710025,China;The 10th Military Representative Office,Xi′an Military Representative Bureau of PLA Army,Xi′an 710025,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期735-745,I0003,共12页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
关键词
爆炸力学
水下冲击
压杆传感器
单空泡
压力
张力
explosion mechanics
underwater impact
pressure bar sensor
single cavitation bubble
pressure
tension
