摘要
近年来,随着肉鸭规模化养殖数量的不断增加,养殖过程中产生的环境污染问题日益突出。为深入研究菏泽市肉鸭养殖对耕地及水体的影响,基于2022年各县区主要畜禽养殖出栏数量、耕地面积和水资源总量,评估肉鸭养殖对耕地、水体污染负荷的贡献。结果表明:2022年菏泽市畜禽粪尿以及主要污染物排放量分别为1389.92万t、164.88万t,耕地负荷为18.16 t·hm^(-2),预警级别处于Ⅱ级。其中肉鸭产生量分别为166.39万t、19.53万t,贡献率为11.97%、11.84%。鸭粪水体COD、BOD 5、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP的等标排放量分别为16.67亿m^(3)、48.54亿m^(3)、13.98亿m^(3)、29.46亿m^(3)、70.66亿m^(3),对水体等标污染指数为6.22,影响较小,但是郓城县、曹县、鄄城县和巨野县水体等标污染指数均高于全市指数,风险较高,其中郓城县,位居全市第一。总之,菏泽市需要进一步调整优化肉鸭养殖产业布局,在提高鸭粪资源化利用,加大养鸭企业粪污管理的同时,适当减少以上4县区的肉鸭养殖数量,鼓励其他县区发展肉鸭养殖,降低局部肉鸭养殖污染风险,进而降低全市污染风险。
In recent years,with the continuous increase of the number of large-scale breeding ducks,the environmental pollution caused by the breeding process has become increasingly prominent.In order to further study the impact of duck breeding on cultivated land and water body in Heze City,this study evaluated the contribution of duck breeding to the pollution load of cultivated land and water body based on the number of main livestock and poultry breeding,arable land area and total water resources in each county and district in 2022.The results showed that in 2022,the emissions of livestock manure and urine and main pollutants in Heze City were 13.8992 million tons and 1.648800 million tons,respectively,and the cultivated land load was 18.16 t·hm^(-2),indicating that the warning level was level II.Among them,the meat duck production was 1663900 tons and 195300 tons,respectively,and the contribution rate was 11.97%and 11.84%.The standard emissions of COD,BOD 5,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN and TP in duck dung water were 1.667 billion m^(3),4.854 billion m^(3),1.398 billion m^(3),2.946 billion m^(3)and 7.066 billion m^(3),respectively,which had a small impact on water pollution index of 6.22.But Yuncheng County,Cao County,Juye County and other water pollution indexes are higher than the city's index,the risk is high,of which Yuncheng county,ranked first in the city.In short,Heze City needs to further adjust and optimize the layout of duck breeding industry,improve the utilization of duck manure resources,increase the manure management of duck enterprises,and at the same time,appropriately reduce the number of duck breeding in the above four counties and districts,encourage other counties and districts to develop duck breeding,reduce the pollution risk of local duck farming,and then reduce the pollution risk of the whole city.
作者
朱丹丹
沈俊俊
刘威
孙福方
蔡中峰
王付云
杨秀梅
赫兰保
展光建
冯艳忠
ZHU Danan;SHEN Junjun;LIU Wei;SUN Fufang;CAI Zhongfeng;WANG Fuyun;YANG Xiumei;HE Lanbao;ZHAN Guangjian;FENG Yanzhong(Animal Husbandry Working Station in Heze City Key,Heze 274000,China;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center in Heze City,Heze 274000,China;The People s Government of Zhuanmiao Town,Caocounty 274400,China;Qingdao Yihetai Investment Management Partnership(Limited Partnership),Qingdao 266400,China;Shandong Agricultural microbial Technology Co Ltd in Xintai City,Xintai 271200,China;Jiangsu Yike Food Group Co Ltd in Suqian City,Suqian 223800,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)
出处
《中国沼气》
2025年第4期47-53,共7页
China Biogas
关键词
肉鸭养殖
耕地及水体污染负荷
预警级别
风险评价
duck breeding
pollution load from cultivated land and water bodies
risk level
risk assessment
