摘要
单细胞转录组测序(scRNA-seq)作为一项突破性技术,能够从单细胞层面解析转录组信息,为畜牧科学领域的研究提供全新视角。该文系统综述scRNA-seq的技术原理与试验流程,重点阐述微流控技术、单细胞分离及文库构建等关键步骤;总结了scRNA-seq在动物繁殖、疫病防治和遗传育种中的核心进展,包括揭示精子发生机制、解析非洲猪瘟病毒宿主互作、挖掘高原适应性基因以及优化家畜肌肉发育等典型案例。该文探讨当前技术面临的挑战,如复杂组织样本的单细胞悬液制备困难、RNA捕获效率低及高维度数据分析的复杂性,并提出未来技术优化方向(如算法改进与标准化样本处理流程),为scRNA-seq在畜牧科学领域的应用提供理论支持。
As a breakthrough technology,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)can analyze transcriptome information at the single-cell level,providing a new perspective for research in the field of animal science.This paper systematically reviews the technical principles and experimental processes of scRNA-seq,with a focus on key steps such as microfluidic technology,single-cell separation,and library construction.It summarizes the core advancements of scRNA-seq in animal reproduction,disease control,and genetic breeding,including revealing the mechanism of spermatogenesis,analyzing host interactions with African swine fever virus,exploring plateau adaptability genes,and optimizing muscle development in livestock.Additionally,the article discusses the challenges faced by the current technology,such as the difficulty in preparing single-cell suspensions from complex tissue samples,the complexities of low RNA capture efficiency and high-dimensional data analysis,as well as directions for future technology optimization(such as algorithm improvements and standardized sample processing procedures).It provides the primary theoretical support for the application of scRNA-seq in the field of animal science.
作者
李涵
张晓琴
粱胜利
叶丽霞
李明
张小虎
李宏
LI Han;ZHANG Xiaoqin;LIANG Shengli;YE Lixia;LI Ming;ZHANG Xiaohu;LI Hong(Hutubi County Animal Husbandry Development Center,Changji Xinjiang 831200,China)
出处
《现代畜牧科技》
2025年第8期80-84,共5页
Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology
关键词
单细胞转录组测序
微流控
生物信息学分析
single cell transcriptome sequencing
microfluidics
bioinformatics
