摘要
人工智能(AI)技术在全球发展的不均衡性推动了AI服务的跨境提供。跨境AI服务具有明显的基础性和工具性特征,成为新兴的服务贸易类别,但同时诱发了新的国家安全风险、公平竞争风险和消费者隐私风险,构成贸易开展的潜在障碍。中国对跨境AI服务的法律规制存在准入监管不足、规制工具缺漏、体系化不够等局限,面临安全与发展、国内规制与国际协调的多重挑战。回应性治理强调以风险为本的“区别”与合作监管,是技术风险社会治理的重要方法论。以回应性治理为方法论基础,中国应构建AI服务安全风险分类分级规则,完善境外AI服务准入制度,强化AI服务全链条安全义务分配与动态监测等持续性监管措施,实现对跨境AI服务安全的系统化治理。
The uneven development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology globally has driven the cross-border provision of AI services.Cross-border AI services have obvious foundational and instrumental characteristics,becoming an emerging category of service trade.However,they also trigger new national security risks,fairness competition risks,and consumer privacy risks,which constitute potential obstacles to trade activities.China’s legal regulation of cross-border AI services faces limitations such as insufficient entry regulation,gaps in regulatory tools,and a lack of systematic approaches,along with multiple challenges in balancing security and development as well as domestic regulations and international coordination.Responsive governance emphasizes a risk-based approach of differentiation and cooperative regulation,serving as an important methodology for the social governance of technological risks.Based on the methodology of responsive governance,China should construct a classification and grading rule for AI service security risks,improve the entry system for foreign AI services,and strengthen continuous regulatory measures such as the allocation of security obligations throughout the entire AI service chain and dynamic monitoring,thereby achieving systematic governance of cross-border AI service security.
出处
《河北学刊》
北大核心
2025年第5期170-180,共11页
Hebei Academic Journal
基金
2024年度河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“国家安全视域下金融数据跨境交易审查制度研究”(2024BFX031)。
关键词
跨境AI服务
准入监管
算法追责
法律规制
cross-border AI services
access regulation
algorithmic accountability
legal regulation
