摘要
巢址选择是鸟类繁殖的重要环节,同域营巢的物种如何利用相似的生境资源进行竞争与共存,是鸟类生态学研究的热点问题。为探究松嫩平原混群繁殖鹬类物种的巢址选择差异,2022年和2023年的5—6月在扎龙国家级自然保护区及其周边湿地,对同域营巢的黑翅长脚鹬(Himantopus himantopus)、反嘴鹬(Recurvirostra avosetta)和半蹼鹬(Limnodromus semipalmatus)的巢及巢址生境特征、巢址选择因子进行了对比分析。结果表明:反嘴鹬的巢内外径显著大于黑翅长脚鹬和半蹼鹬,黑翅长脚鹬的巢外径显著大于半蹼鹬;半蹼鹬、黑翅长脚鹬、反嘴鹬巢周植物种数、植株均高、植被盖度均依次降低,半蹼鹬与同种和异种的巢间距最近、巢密度最大;此外,3种鹬类巢距明水面距离、距农田距离也存在显著差异。3种鹬类巢址选择均受植被与隐蔽因素、水源因素、干扰因素以及竞争因素的影响,但影响黑翅长脚鹬和反嘴鹬巢址选择最主要的生境因素为植被与隐蔽因素,而竞争是影响半蹼鹬巢址选择的首要因素。
Nest-site selection is an important aspect of avian reproduction.How sympatric breeding species using similar habitat resources compete and coexist is a hotspot issue in avian ecological research.To explore the nest-site selection differences among sandpiper species breeding in the same colonies of Songnen Plain,we analyzed the nest measures,nest-site habitat characteristics and nest-site selection factors of sympatric nesting Black-winged Stilt(Himantopus himantopus),Pied Avocet(Recurvirostra avosetta)and Asian Dowitcher(Limnodromus semipalmatus)in Zhalong National Nature Reserve and its surrounding wetlands from May to June in 2022 and 2023.The results showed that the inner diameter and outer diameter of nests of Recurvirostra avosetta were significantly larger than those of Himantopus himantopus and Limnodromus semipalmatus,and that the outer diameter of nests of Himantopus himantopus was significantly bigger than that of Limnodromus semipalmatus.The number of plant species,average plant height and vegetation coverage around nests of Limnodromus semipalmatus,Himantopus himantopus and Recurvirostra avosetta decreased sequentially.Limnodromus semipalmatus nests were closest to other inter-specific and intra-specific nests,resulting in the highest nest density.Moreover,there were significant differences among nest distances to water surface and farmland of three sandpipers.Nest-site selection of all three species was influenced by vegetation and concealment factors,water availability,disturbance,and competition factors.However,the primary influencing factors differed among the species.The vegetation and concealment factors were the most important for the nest-site selection of Himantopus himantopus and Recurvirostra avosetta,while competition was the principal factor for Limnodromus semipalmatus.
作者
王文君
许林
孙忠耀
许玲霞
宗诚
程鲲
WANG Wenjun;XU Lin;SUN Zhongyao;XU Lingxia;ZONG Cheng;CHENG Kun(College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Heilongjiang Raohe Northeast Black Bee National Nature Reserve Administration,Raohe 155700,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第8期2669-2677,共9页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32271557)资助。
关键词
巢址选择
黑翅长脚鹬
反嘴鹬
半蹼鹬
扎龙湿地
nest-site selection
Himantopus himantopus
Recurvirostra avosetta
Limnodromus semipalmatus
Zhalong Wetland
