摘要
利用2016—2023年包茂高速湘西州段沿线的气象站点降水资料,在统计分析高速公路沿线降水时空分布特征的基础上,综合降水数据、地理信息数据和道路数据,从降水因子、地形环境因子和道路因子3个方面建立了高速公路边坡滑坡风险等级评价指标体系,并通过层次分析法计算各路段的综合风险指数,以完成对包茂高速湘西州段边坡滑坡风险等级区划的研究。结果表明:(1)高速公路年均降水量空间分布呈现南高北低,降水集中在4—9月,6月最高;(2)高速沿线各站点暴雨及以上等级降水年均天数为4.5 d,平均强度为77.7 mm/d,短时强降水分布差异大,最大为80 mm/h,最小为46 mm/h,降水峰值出现在午后和傍晚以后,夜雨特点明显;(3)高速公路沿线边坡滑坡风险划分为高、较高、中、低4个等级,整体风险呈北部高于南部,滑坡高风险区和较高风险区分布在边城、龙劲坳、麻栗场和吉信等路段。该研究结果对包茂高速湘西州段边坡滑坡灾害事故预防具有一定指导意义。
Based on the precipitation data from meteorological stations along the Baomao Expressway in Xiangxi Prefecture from 2016 to 2023,this study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation along the expressway,including annual and monthly characteristics,various levels of precipitation characteristics,short-term heavy precipitation characteristics,continuous precipitation characteristics,and diurnal variation characteristics.By integrating precipitation data,geographic information data,and road data,an evaluation index system for the risk level of slope failures along the expressway is established from three aspects:precipitation factors,terrain environment factors,and road factors.The slope failure risk level zoning research of the Baomao Expressway in Xiangxi Prefecture is carried out using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the Natural Breakpoint Method.The results show that:(1)The annual average precipitation along the expressway shows a spatial distribution pattern of higher precipitation in the south and lower in the north.In 2020,precipitation is abundant,while in 2022 and 2023,precipitation is scarce.Precipitation mainly occurs from April to September,with an average monthly precipitation exceeding 140 mm,and the highest precipitation is in June,reaching 236 mm.(2)The average number of days with rainstorm and above precipitation at each station along the expressway is 4.5 days,with an average intensity of 77.7 mm/d.Short-term heavy precipitation shows significant differences in distribution,with the maximum being 80 mm/h and the minimum being 46 mm/h.The total frequency of continuous precipitation is the highest at GS56-2(Longjingao)with 31 times,and the lowest at GS56-7(Fenghuang)with less than one time per year.The peak precipitation occurs in the afternoon and after dusk,and the night rain feature is obvious.(3)The risk level of slope failures along the expressway is divided into four grades:high,relatively high,medium,and low.The overall risk shows a characteristic of being higher in the north than in the south.The high-risk and relatively high-risk areas of slope failures are distributed in sections such as Biancheng,Longjingao,Maliuchang,and Jixin.The low-risk areas are located near the Jishou Station and the Fenghuang Station.For high-risk and relatively high-risk areas,in terms of disaster prevention and mitigation,measures such as reinforcing the slope and taking drainage measures should be taken,and monitoring and early warning should be strengthened.The results of this study have certain guiding significance for the prevention of slope failure disasters along the Baomao Expressway in Xiangxi Prefecture.
作者
梁忠武
黎跃勇
LIANG Zhongwu;LI Yueyong(Meteorological Bureau of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan,Jishou 416000;Hunan Meteorological Service Centre,Changsha 410118;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hunan Province,Changsha 410118)
出处
《气象科技》
2025年第4期606-616,共11页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
2024年湖南省气象局创新发展专项课题(CXFZ2024-FZZX18)资助。
关键词
包茂高速
降水
边坡滑坡
风险等级
区划
Baomao Expressway
precipitation
slope slide
risk level
regionalization
