摘要
通过化肥减施配施有机肥与微生物菌剂,探究其对西瓜生长及果实品质与风味的影响,以期为西瓜产业提供科学的施肥策略,促进农业的可持续发展。研究采用田间试验方法,设置8个处理,包括不同比例的化肥减量与有机肥及微生物菌剂配施。检测指标包括西瓜的物候期、植株长度与茎粗、单果重、果实的可溶性固形物含量、主要糖酸风味物质含量,以及病虫害发生情况。研究发现,化肥减量配施有机肥和微生物菌剂能显著提高西瓜的株高、茎粗、单果重以及果实中的风味物质含量,其中化肥减量40%配施有机肥600 kg/667 m^(2)和微生物菌剂的处理效果最佳,显著提升了西瓜的产量和品质。此外,该施肥策略还能降低西瓜土传病害的发生。研究总结认为,化肥减施配施有机肥与微生物菌剂是提高西瓜产量和品质的有效施肥策略,有助于促进农业的可持续发展。未来的研究需要在施肥长期效应、环境影响评估等方面进行更深入的探讨,以提供更加科学、合理的施肥建议。
This study investigated the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application in combination with organic fertilizer and microbial agents on watermelon growth,fruit quality,and flavor,aiming to provide a scientific fertilization strategy for the watermelon industry and to promote sustainable agricultural development.A field experiment with eight treatments was conducted,involving varying degrees of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with the application of organic fertilizers and microbial agents.Measured parameters included phenological stages,plant height and stem diameter,single fruit weight,soluble solids content,concentrations of major sugar and acid compounds related to flavor,and the incidence of pests and diseases.The results showed that the combined application of reduced chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer and microbial agents significantly enhanced plant height,stem diameter,fruit weight,and the accumulation of key flavor substances.Among the treatments,a 40reduction in chemical fertilizer supplemented with 600 kg/667 m^(2) of organic fertilizer and microbial agents showed the most favorable outcomes,significantly improving both yield and fruit quality.In addition,this fertilization strategy effectively reduced the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.In conclusion,the integrated use of reduced chemical fertilizer,organic fertilizer,and microbial agents is an efficient fertilization strategy to enhance watermelon yield and quality,thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture.Future research should focus on the long-term effects of such practices and assess their environmental impact to provide more refined and evidence-based fertilization recommendations.
作者
史骏
海陶
张蕾琛
胡紫蔚
张华峰
应泉盛
王毓洪
SHI Jun;HAI Tao;ZHANG Leichen;HU Ziwei;ZHANG Huafeng;YING Quansheng;WANG Yuhong(Ningbo Key Laboratory of Characteristic Horticultural Crops in Quality Regulation and Resistance Breeding Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315040,China;Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311300,China)
出处
《陕西农业科学》
2025年第7期52-60,共9页
Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
公益性科技计划项目(2023S057)。
关键词
复合肥减量
有机肥增量
菌剂
西瓜
果实品质
生物降解膜
Reduced compound fertilizer
Increased organic fertilizer
Microbial agents
Watermelon
Fruit quality
Facility fully biodegradable
