摘要
综述量子计算机背景下密码技术的发展。首先,阐述传统密码技术,涵盖加密、认证、消息完整性、不可否认性以及密钥协商技术,并介绍这些技术在各领域的应用情况,指出虽然对称密码暂未受量子计算威胁,但是非对称密码面临严峻挑战。其次,分析传统密码面临的量子威胁,如Shor算法对RSA、椭圆曲线密码学(Elliptic Curve Cryptography,ECC)的冲击,Grover算法对对称密码的影响。再次,介绍后量子密码主要类型,包括基于格、编码、多变量多项式等技术的原理、优劣势。最后,探讨后量子密码的应用场景、发展趋势及产业生态构建,强调其对保障信息安全的重要意义。
The article provides an overview of the development of cryptographic technology in the context of quantum computers.Firstly,the article elaborates on traditional cryptographic techniques,including encryption,authentication,message integrity,non repudiation,and key negotiation techniques,and introduces their applications in various fields.It points out that although symmetric cryptography has not yet been threatened by quantum computing,asymmetric cryptography faces severe challenges.Secondly,the article analyzes the quantum threats faced by traditional cryptography,such as the impact of Shor algorithm on RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC),and the impact of Grover algorithm on symmetric cryptography.Once again,the article introduces the main types of quantum cryptography,including the principles,advantages,and disadvantages based on lattice,encoding,and multivariate polynomial techniques.Finally,the article explores the application scenarios,development trends,and industrial ecosystem construction of post quantum cryptography,emphasizing its important significance in ensuring information security.
作者
刘毅
朱瑜敏
计雨辰
谭高升
LIU Yi;ZHU Yumin;JI Yuchen;TAN Gaosheng(The 11th Research Institute of China Electronic Technology Group Corporation,Beijing 100015,China;Academy of Electronics and Information Technology of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Beijing 100846,China;Beijing Jinghang Computation and Communication Research Institute,Beijing 100074,China)
出处
《智能物联技术》
2025年第4期7-16,共10页
Technology of Io T& AI
关键词
密码
量子计算
后量子密码
cryptography
quantum computing
post-quantum cryptography
