摘要
为了揭示性能存在显著差异的异种材料其T型激光焊接接头残余应力的分布特点及演化趋势。本文基于ABAQUS有限元模拟平台,建立了钛-钢异质材料T型接头的激光焊热力耦合模型,通过焊接接头应力曲线,分析焊接功率、焊接速度对焊接温度场、残余应力及变形的影响规律,并创新性引入激光偏束策略优化应力分布。结果表明:焊接速度过快(超过10 mm/s)会导致熔池温度不足,引发未焊透、未熔合等缺陷;顺序焊接T型接头两侧焊缝时,钛合金与焊缝交界处残余应力最大,残余应力随焊接速度增加而增大(最高达198.6 MPa),而变形量则随速度增大而减小;焊接功率对残余应力和变形量的影响可忽略不计。研究提出的焊前预热与焊后消应力退火工艺,为抑制裂纹与变形提供了理论依据,也为异质材料复杂接头的激光焊接工艺优化提供了新思路。
In order to reveal the distribution characteristics and evolution trends of residual stress in T-type laser welding joints of dissimilar materials with significant differences in performance,this paper establishes a thermo-mechanical cou‐pling model of titanium-steel dissimilar material T-type joints based on the ABAQUS finite element simulation platform.By analyzing the stress curves of welding joints,the effects of welding power and welding speed on the welding temperature field,residual stress,and deformation are investigated,and the laser bias strategy is innovatively introduced to optimize the stress distribution.The results show that excessive welding speed(over 10 mm/s)will lead to insufficient molten pool tem‐perature,causing defects such as incomplete penetration and incomplete fusion;when welding the two sides of the T-type joint in sequence,the residual stress at the interface between titanium alloy and the weld seam is the largest,and the residual stress increases with the increase of welding speed(up to 198.6 MPa),while the deformation decreases with the increase of speed;the effect of welding power on residual stress and deformation can be ignored.The pre-welding preheating and post-welding stress relief annealing processes proposed in this study provide a theoretical basis for suppressing cracks and defor‐mation,and also provide new ideas for optimizing the laser welding process of complex joints of dissimilar materials.
作者
张鹤
孙鹏飞
张达
孙建波
湛兰
ZHANG He;SUN Pengfei;ZHANG Da;SUN Jianbo;ZHAN Lan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China)
出处
《电焊机》
2025年第8期90-99,共10页
Electric Welding Machine
基金
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410222062)
黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(2023-KYYWF-0556)
佳木斯大学青年创新人才培养支持计划项目(JMSUQP2022001)。
关键词
钛-钢异质材料
激光焊
T型接头
残余应力
有限元模拟
titanium-steel dissimilar materials
laser welding
T-joint
residual stresses
finite element simulation
