摘要
聚焦钛合金熔化焊技术,系统梳理激光焊、气体保护焊(TIG/MIG)及激光-电弧复合焊等主流工艺的研究进展:揭示了不同焊接方法中接头脆化、气孔及裂纹的形成机制,阐明了工艺参数(如激光功率、保护气流量)对焊缝微观组织(α'/β相演变)及力学性能的调控规律;重点分析了新型工艺的突破,包括锁孔TIG焊的深熔透机理、真空激光焊的熔深提升效应、激光填丝焊的成分优化策略,以及激光-电弧复合焊对异种材料连接的适应性。针对当前厚板焊接缺陷控制难、异种材料界面脆性相生成等瓶颈,提出未来需在智能化缺陷监测、专用药芯焊丝研发及多能场协同焊接等方向突破,为钛合金构件的高效高质量连接提供理论与技术支撑。
Focusing on the fusion welding technology of titanium alloys,this paper systematically reviews the research prog‐ress of mainstream processes such as laser welding,gas shielded welding(TIG/MIG),and laser-arc hybrid welding:it re‐veals the formation mechanisms of joint brittleness,porosity,and cracks in different welding methods,and clarifies the con‐trol rules of process parameters(such as laser power,shielding gas flow rate)on the microstructure(α'/βphase evolution)and mechanical properties of the weld;it particularly analyzes the breakthroughs of new processes,including the deep melt‐ing mechanism of keyhole TIG welding,the melting depth enhancement effect of vacuum laser welding,the composition op‐timization strategy of laser filler welding,and the adaptability of laser-arc hybrid welding to dissimilar material connections.In view of the current challenges such as the difficulty in controlling defects in thick plate welding and the formation of brittle phases at the interface of dissimilar materials,it is proposed that future breakthroughs are needed in intelligent defect monitoring,the development of special cored wires,and multi-energy field collaborative welding,providing theoretical and technical support for the efficient and high-quality connection of titanium alloy components.
作者
陈昊睿
罗玖田
冯志强
武鹏博
黎泉
秦建
常云峰
方乃文
陈玿鑫
CHEN Haorui;LUO Jiutian;FENG Zhiqiang;WU Pengbo;LI Quan;QIN Jian;CHANG Yunfeng;FANG Naiwen;CHEN Xin(Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,China;China Academy of Machinery Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China;China Academy of Machinery Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《电焊机》
2025年第8期1-23,46,共24页
Electric Welding Machine
基金
国家自然科学基金(52261044)
泰山产业领军人才工程(2024001)。
关键词
钛合金
熔化焊
研究现状
发展趋势
焊接接头
titanium alloy
melting welding
research status
development trend
welding joint
