摘要
目的 分析2020—2024年泉州市食品安全监督抽检数据,识别主要风险类别与指标。方法 收集泉州市市场监督管理局发布的124期抽检数据(25721批次),从抽检总量、食品类别、抽检环节、不合格项目等多维度展开分析,结合风险分级标准评估风险水平。结果 5年总不合格率为1.93%,低于全国平均水平但波动显著。高风险食品类别为蔬菜制品(4.84%)、餐饮食品(4.13%)和食用农产品(3.98%),其中餐饮食品中的复用餐(饮)具不合格率高达21.9%。抽检环节中,餐饮服务环节风险最高(3.49%),流通经营环节次之(1.71%)。主要风险指标为农兽药残留超标(26%)、质量指标不达标(25%)和重金属污染(20%)等5类。具体风险集中于芹菜、香蕉、乌鸡等农兽药残留问题,复用餐(饮)具洗涤剂残留超标,姜和海水蟹的重金属污染,以及橄榄、果茶等添加剂滥用。结论 泉州地区食品安全监督抽检有待进一步优化改善,需重点关注高风险食品类别、高风险环节、高风险指标以及高风险具体食品品种,采取有效防控措施提高食品安全水平。
Objective To analyze the sampling data of food safety supervision in Quanzhou City from 2020 to 2024,identify the main risk categories and indicators.Methods Collect 124 rounds of sampling data(25721 batches)released by the Quanzhou City Market Supervision Administration,conduct research from multiple dimensions such as total sampling volume,food category,sampling link,and unqualified items,and evaluate the risk level based on the risk grading standards.Results The total non conformance rate over the past 5 years was 1.93%,lower than the national average but with significant fluctuations.The high-risk food categories were vegetable products(4.84%),catering food(4.13%)and edible agricultural products(3.98%),among which the unqualified rate of reusable catering utensils in catering food was as high as 21.9%.In the sampling process,the catering service sector had the highest risk(3.49%),followed by the circulation and operation sector(1.71%).The main risk indicators were 5 categories:Excessive residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs(26%),substandard quality indicators(25%)and heavy metal pollution(20%).The specific risks were concentrated in the issue of residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs such as celery,bananas and black chicken,excessive residues of reused tableware detergents,heavy metal pollution from ginger and seawater crabs,and overuse of additives such as olives and fruit tea.Conclusion The sampling inspection of food safety supervision in Quanzhou City needs to be further optimized and improved.It is necessary to focus on high-risk food categories,high-risk links,high-risk indicators and high-risk specific food varieties,and take effective prevention and control measures to improve the level of food safety.
作者
何荣生
HE Rong-Sheng(Quanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control,Quanzhou 362000,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2025年第17期273-281,共9页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
福建省药品监督管理局科技项目(2023009)。
关键词
食品安全
监督抽检
食品类别
抽检环节
风险指标
泉州市
food safety
supervision sampling
food category
sampling inspection process
risk indicators
Quanzhou City
