摘要
目的 分析山东大学附属儿童医院2012-2023年住院患儿的疾病谱构成及变化趋势,为优化儿科医疗资源配置和疾病防控提供科学依据。方法 回顾性收集山东大学附属儿童医院2012-01-01-2023-12-31住院患儿的病案首页数据,按《疾病与有关健康问题的国际统计分类》第10版(ICD-10)进行疾病编码,采用SPSS 27.0和Excel进行统计学分析。结果 共纳入住院患儿443 939例,患儿男女比例为172∶100,χ^(2)=154.721,P<0.001。排名前5位的疾病分类为呼吸系统疾病(33.1%),消化系统疾病(9.0%),起源于围生期的某些情况(8.1%),先天性畸形、变形和染色体异常(7.7%),某些传染病和寄生虫病(7.3%)。疾病种类在不同年龄组的分布比较,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=84 953.927,P<0.001。所有年龄组均以呼吸系统疾病为最高发病病种(21.2%~37.9%)。呼吸系统疾病年均增长率为7.0%,χ^(2)=13 902.000,P<0.001。先天性畸形、变形和染色体异常等先天性畸形年均增长率为9.9%,χ^(2)=574.600,P<0.001。某些传染病和寄生虫病下降15.5%,χ^(2)=2 153.000,P<0.001。单病种数据显示,疾病构成呈现阶段性变化。结论 儿童住院疾病谱存在时间、年龄、性别的变化趋势。需加强呼吸道疾病防控及医疗资源配置。优化儿科资源向呼吸系统疾病和先天性畸形倾斜,强化围生期保健及早期干预。
Objective To analyze the composition and changing trends of the disease spectrum among hospitalized children at the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from 2012 to 2023,providing a scientific basis for optimizing pediatric healthcare resource allocation and disease prevention and control.Methods Retrospective collection of medical record data from hospitalized children between January 1,2012,and December 31,2023.Diseases were coded according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems,1oth Revision(ICD-10).Sta-tistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 and Excel.Results A total of 443939 hospitalized children were includ-ed,with a male-to-female ratio of 172:100(χ^(2)=154.721,P<0.001).The top five disease categories were respiratory diseases(33.1%),digestive diseases(9.0%),certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(8.1%),congenital malformations,deformations,and chromosomal abnormalities(7.7%),and certain infectious and parasitic diseases(7.3%).The distribution of disease types across different age groups showed statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=84953.927,P<0.001).Respiratory diseases were the most prevalent in all age groups(21.2%-37.9%).The annual growth rate of respiratory diseases was 7.0%(χ^(2)=13902.000,P<0.001),while congenital malformations,deforma-tions,and chromosomal abnormalities showed the highest annual growth rate(9.9%,χ^(2)=574.600,P<0.001).Certain infectious and parasitic diseases decreased by 15.5%(χ^(2)=2153.000,P<0.001).Single-disease data indicated phased changes in disease composition.Conclusions The disease spectrum of hospitalized children exhibits temporal,age-related,and gender-related trends.There is a need to strengthen the prevention and control of respiratory diseases and optimize healthcare resource allocation.Pediatric resources should be prioritized for respiratory diseases and congenital malformations,with enhanced perinatal healthcare and early intervention.
作者
彭潇
郭凯
崔帅帅
韩晓蓉
张柳
PENG Xiao;GUO Kai;CUI Shuaishuai;HAN Xiaorong;ZHANG Liu(Childrens Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University(Jinan Children's Hospital),Jinan,Shandong 250022,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
2025年第9期319-324,共6页
Journal Of Community Medicine
基金
山东大学卫生健康委员会科技计划项目(2022-2-141)。
关键词
儿童
疾病谱
呼吸系统疾病
先天性畸形
变化趋势
children
disease spectrum
respiratory diseases
congenital malformations
changing trends
