摘要
目的探讨消化道专科风险防范护理对消化内镜检查患者心理状态、应激反应、不良反应和舒适度的影响,以减少消化内镜检查过程中风险事件的发生,保障消化内镜检查顺利完成。方法前瞻性选取2023年1月至2024年4月于郑州大学第一附属医院行消化内镜检查的158例成年患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为常规组和风险防范组,每组79例。常规组患者给予常规护理,风险防范组患者在常规组护理的基础上实施消化道专科风险防范护理,两组患者均干预至检查结束留观30 min后。比较两组患者干预前、干预后(检查结束留观30 min后)的心理状态[恐惧疾病进展简化量表(FoP-Q-SF)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]、心率、舒张压和收缩压和舒适度[Kolcaba简化舒适状况量表(GCQ)];干预后,比较两患者检查依从性、检查期间不良反应发生情况及护理满意度。结果干预后,风险防范组患者的FoP-Q-SF评分、HAMA评分、HAMD评分分别为(21.48±4.00)分、(11.39±2.07)分、(34.33±3.22)分,明显低于常规组的(29.80±4.09)分、(16.48±2.02)分、(45.08±3.26)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,风险防范组患者的心率、舒张压、收缩压分别为(82.36±4.14)次/min、(79.42±3.59)mmHg、(118.52±8.15)mmHg,明显低于常规组的(89.62±4.58)次/min、(83.62±3.46)mmHg、(132.58±10.41)mmHg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,风险防范组患者GCQ量表中的生理、心理、环境、社会等维度评分分别为(15.13±2.06)分、(31.25±2.32)分、(21.67±2.17)分、(24.66±2.25)分,明显高于常规组的(10.74±1.97)分、(25.64±2.23)分、(15.36±2.12)分、(21.38±2.16)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,风险防范组患者的检查依从率、护理满意度分别为96.20%、97.67%,明显高于常规组的86.08%、86.08%,而不良反应总发生率为21.52%,明显低于常规组的53.16%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论消化道专科风险防范护理应用于消化内镜检查中,不仅可减少患者呛咳、腹胀腹痛、消化道出血等不良反应的发生,还可改善患者的恐惧、焦虑等负性心理状态,减轻生理应激反应,提高内镜检查的舒适度、检查依从性和护理满意度。
Objective To explore the effects of Gastroenterology-specific risk prevention nursing on the psy-chological state,stress response,adverse reactions,and comfort level of patients undergoing digestive endoscopy,in or-der to reduce the occurrence of risk events during the procedure and ensure the successful completion of digestive endos-copy.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 158 patients who underwent digestive endoscopy at the First Af-filiated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2023 to April 2024.These patients were randomly divided into a routine care group(n=79)and a risk prevention group(n=79)according to the random number table method.The pati-etns in routine care group were given routine nursing,while those in the risk prevention group were given gastroenterolo-gy-specific risk prevention nursing based on the routine care group.Both groups of patients were intervened until the end of the examination and observed for 30 minutes afterward.The psychological state(fear of progression question-naire-short form[FoP-Q-SF],Hamilton Anxiety Scale[HAMA],Hamilton Depression Scale[HAMD]),heart rate,dia-stolic and systolic blood pressure,and comfort level(Kolcaba general comfort questionnaire[GCQ])of both groups were compared before and after the intervention(30 minutes after the end of the examination).After the intervention,the compliance with the examination,the incidence of adverse reactions during the examination,and the nursing satisfaction of both groups were compared.Results After the intervention,the scores of FoP-Q-SF,HAMA,and HAMD of pa-tients in the risk prevention group were(21.48±4.00)points,(11.39±2.07)points,and(34.33±3.22)points,respectively,which were significantly lower than(29.80±4.09)points,(16.48±2.02)points,and(45.08±3.26)points of the routine care group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the heart rate,diastolic blood pressure,and systolic blood pressure of pa-tients in the risk prevention group were(82.36±4.14)beats/min,(79.42±3.59)mmHg,and(118.52±8.15)mmHg,respec-tively,which were significantly lower than(89.62±4.58)beats/min,(83.62±3.46)mmHg,and(132.58±10.41)mmHg of the routine care group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the scores of the physiological,psychological,environmental,and social dimensions in the GCQ scale of patients in the risk prevention group were(15.13±2.06)points,(31.25±2.32)points,(21.67±2.17)points,and(24.66±2.25)points,respectively,which were significantly higher than(10.74±1.97)points,(25.64±2.23)points,(15.36±2.12)points,and(21.38±2.16)points in the routine care group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the compliance rate with the examination and the nursing satisfaction rate of patients in the risk preven-tion group were 96.20%and 97.67%,respectively,which were significantly higher than 86.08%and 86.08%in the rou-tine care group(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the risk prevention group was 21.52%,which was significantly lower than 53.16%in the routine care group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of Gastroenterolo-gy-specific risk prevention nursing in patients with digestive endoscopy can not only reduce the occurrence of adverse re-actions such as coughing,abdominal pain,and gastrointestinal bleeding,but also improve patients'negative psychologi-cal states,such as fear and anxiety,reduce physiological stress response,and improve the comfort level of endoscopy,compliance with the examination,and nursing satisfaction.
作者
阚宗泉
王彩霞
牛倩倩
王耿一
KAN Zong-quan;WANG Cai-xia;NIU Qian-qian;WANG Geng-yi(Digestive Endoscopy Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,CHINA)
出处
《海南医学》
2025年第16期2417-2422,共6页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
2019年度河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(编号:LHGJ20190234)。
关键词
消化内镜检查
心理状态
应激反应
不良反应
依从性
Digestive endoscopy
Psychological state
Stress response
Adverse reactions
Compliance
