摘要
明确当前奉节脐橙园土壤养分丰缺状况、空间分布及综合肥力特征,可为脐橙园土壤肥力提升、合理施肥提供科学依据和政策支撑。2020—2022年在奉节县草堂镇、白帝镇、安坪镇等17个乡镇,以集中连片6.7 hm^(2)以上的脐橙种植大户果园为对象,共采集340个土样,分析检测了土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、全氮、有效磷、速效钾6个指标,并采用模糊综合评价模型对土壤肥力指标进行数值化综合性评价,以确定奉节脐橙园土壤综合肥力。结果表明,从平均值来看,奉节脐橙园土壤pH值呈中性,碱解氮含量缺乏,其他4个养分指标含量适量。在空间分布上,奉节脐橙园土壤pH值和速效钾总体为南高北低,有机质沿长江向南北递增,有效磷沿长江向南北递降。奉节脐橙园土壤综合肥力指数在0.109~0.964之间,平均值为0.526,中等及以上肥力区占试验区域的74.4%;土壤综合肥力在空间上分布呈现为斑块状,中高等肥力区主要分布在草堂镇、安坪镇。碱解氮、全氮、有机质和pH值对奉节脐橙园土壤综合肥力的影响较大。当前生产上,奉节脐橙园需注重有机肥和氮肥的施用,并开展测土配方施肥。
Clarifying the current nutrient status,spatial distribution,and comprehensive fertility characteristics of soil in Fengjie navel orange orchards can provide a scientific basis and policy support for improving soil fertility and rational fertilization.From^(2)020 to 2022,in Fengjie County(including Caotang Town,Baidi Town,AnPing Town and other 17 towns),a total of 340 soil samples were collected from centralized continuous areas of 6.7 hm^(2)or more navel orange planting orchards of the large farmers,and six indicators,including soil pH value,organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK),were analyzed and detected.A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was employed to conduct a quantitative and comprehensive assessment of soil fertility indicators,so as to determine the comprehensive soil fertility of Fengjie navel orange orchards.The results indicated that on average,the soil pH value in Fengjie navel orange orchards was neutral,the soil AN was overall deficient,while the other soil parameters were in suitable levels.In terms of spatial distribution,soil pH value and the content of available potassium were generally higher in the south and lower in the north of Fengjie County.The OM increased along the Yangtze River from the south to north,while AP decreased along the Yangtze River from the south to north.The average value of integrated fertilizer index of soil in Fengjie navel orange orchards ranged from 0.109 to 0.964,with an average value of 0.526,and the medium and above fertility areas accounted for 74.4%of the test areas.The spatial distribution of comprehensive soil fertility exhibited a patchy pattern,with medium-to high-fertility areas primarily concentrated in Caotang Town and Anping Town.Alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen,total nitrogen,organic matter,and pH value significantly influenced the comprehensive fertility of soil in Fengjie navel orange orchards.In current production practices,the application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be emphasized in Fengjie orange orchards,along with the adoption of soil testing-based precision fertilization.
作者
邓丹丹
周友彬
赵敬坤
叶思露
卢明
彭芳
张跃强
周鹏
DENG Dandan;ZHOU Youbin;ZHAO Jingkun;YE Silu;LU Ming;PENG Fang;ZHANG Yueqiang;ZHOU Peng(Fengjie Agricultural Technical Service Center,Chongqing,404600,China;Fengiie Agricultural Product Quality and Safety and BrandBuilding Center,Chongqing,404600,China;Chongqing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Chongqing,401121,China;Tongliang Shaoyun Agricultural Service Center,Tongliang,Chongqing,402560,China;College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2025年第4期38-45,共8页
South China Fruits
关键词
奉节脐橙
土壤养分
综合肥力指数
模糊综合评判法
Fengjie navel orange
soil nutrients
integrated fertility index(IFI)
fuzzy comprehensive assessment
