摘要
柑橘白癞病(white scaled blotch)是近年来新发现的由平脐疣孢菌(Zasmidium spp.)引起的重要果实病害,因其在果实表面形成大小不等的灰白色痂皮状斑块而降低果实外观品质和市场价值,造成较大的经济损失。因发生历史不长,人们对其发生规律和防治技术不明。为筛选出高效的防治药剂,采用菌丝段涂板法和菌丝生长抑制法测定了3个致病平脐疣孢菌株对26种常见真菌杀菌剂的敏感性,并在广西武鸣露地和浙江建德大棚条件下评价氟啶胺、代森锰锌等药剂的田间防治效果。结果表明,在室内离体条件下,供试药剂中氟啶胺和代森锰锌对各菌株的抑制作用较强;在露地条件下,试验处理中50%氟啶胺SC 1500倍液,80%代森锰锌WP 400~600倍液+99%矿物油200~300倍液防治效果较好;在大棚条件下,试验处理中80%代森锰锌WP 600倍液、70%丙森锌WP 600倍液、80%克菌丹SC 1000倍液、70%代森联WDG 1000倍液防治效果较好。代森锰锌添加矿物油能够有效提高代森锰锌的防治效果。综合分析认为,氟啶胺、代森锰锌、丙森锌、代森联和克菌丹等杀菌剂值得扩大范围测定其效果,研究其使用技术,实施登记,以满足生产上柑橘白癞病防治的需要。
White scaled blotch,caused by several species of Zasmidium,is a newly emerged fungal disease of citrus.Infected fruit develops gray-white blotches on fruit surface,which severely reduce fruit's cosmetic quality and marketability,resulting in significant economic losses.As its short history,the understanding of occurrence regulation is insufficient.The sensitivities of three pathogenic Zasmidium species to 26 widely used fungicides were assessed in vitro by hyphal segment streaking method and the mycelial growth inhibition method.The field control efficacy of fungicides such as fluazinam and mancozeb under open-field conditions in Wuming,Guangxi,and greenhouse conditions in Jiande,Zhejiang were evaluated.The results revealed that fluazinam and mancozeb showed the strongest inhibitory effects on the strains under in vitro conditions.In open field trials,50%fluazinam SC 1,500 times,80%mancozeb WP 400-600 times+99%mineral oil 200-300 times performed better control effect.In greenhouse conditions,80%mancozeb WP 600 times,70%propinezin WP 600 times,80%captan SC 1,000 times,and 70%metiram WDG 1,000 times showed better control effect.Mancozeb added with mineral oil could increase the control effect of mancozeb.Comprehensive analysis suggested that fungicides such as fluazinam,mancozeb,propineb,metiram,and captan were worthy of expanding the scope to determine their efficacy and study their application technologies,then to register on citrus to meet the needs of controlling citrus white scaled blotch.
作者
郑放
徐胡彬
焦晨
陈香玲
汪建国
陈瑞
李红叶
ZHENG Fang;XU Hubin;JIAO Chen;CHEN Xiangling;WANG Jianguo;CHEN Rui;LI Hongye(Institute of Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310058,China;Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310000,China;Horticultural Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China;Jiande Xin'an Plant Protection Co.Ltd,Jiande,Zhejiang,311600,China;Jiande Citrus Science and Technology Courtyard,Jiande,Zhejiang,311600,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2025年第4期1-6,16,共7页
South China Fruits
基金
国家柑橘产业技术体系(CARS-26)
浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02022)
2024年浙江省果品产业技术项目资助。
关键词
柑橘白癞病
防治药剂
室内筛选
田间筛选
相对防治效果
citrus white scaled blotch
chemical control
indoor screening
field screening
relative control effect
