摘要
为了解河南省信阳市猪口蹄疫疫苗临床应用效果,2022年对信阳市猪群随机选取89个规模养猪场,通过问卷调查收集免疫动物群体数量,统计猪群应激反应率、应激发病率、应激死亡率和应激流产率,采集1175份血清样品,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测口蹄疫抗体水平,按照疫苗类型、毒株和厂家对疫苗的临床安全性和免疫有效性进行统计学分析。结果显示,2022年河南省信阳市的猪口蹄疫疫苗总应激反应率为0.61%,总应激发病率为0.0527‰,总应激死亡率和总应激流产率均为0.0198‰,本调查中所用到的疫苗临床安全性良好,不同类型口蹄疫疫苗免疫猪只的应激反应率差异不显著(P>0.05),但应激发病率、应激死亡率和应激流产率均存在显著差异(P<0.05);不同毒株口蹄疫疫苗免疫猪只的应激反应率、应激发病率、应激死亡率和应激流产率均存在显著差异(P<0.05);不同厂家口蹄疫疫苗免疫猪只的应激发病率、应激死亡率和应激流产率均存在显著差异(P<0.05),应激反应率差异不显著(P>0.05)。疫苗免疫后口蹄疫抗体水平检测结果显示,猪O型口蹄疫抗体平均个体合格率为89.79%,场群合格率为100%;A型口蹄疫抗体平均个体合格率为89.11%,场群合格率为100%,疫苗免疫保护效果整体良好。不同厂家的口蹄疫疫苗免疫同一养殖阶段猪只和同一厂家的口蹄疫疫苗免疫不同养殖阶段猪只的免疫有效性差异不显著(P>0.05)。本调查可为猪口蹄疫疫苗研究和免疫程序设计提供参考。
To evaluate the clinical application effects of foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)vaccine in pigs in Xinyang City,Henan Province,a total of 89 large-scale pig farms were randomly selected in 2022.Through questionnaire surveys,data on the number of immunized animals,the incidence of stress reactions,morbidity,mortality,and abortion associated with vaccination stress were collected.A total of 1175 serum samples were collected and tested for FMD antibody levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Statistical analyses were performed to assess the clinical safety and immunological efficacy of different vaccine types,strains,and manufacturers.The results showed that the overall stress reaction rate following FMD vaccination was 0.61%,the morbidity rate was 0.0527‰,and both mortality and abortion rates were 0.0198‰,indicating good clinical safety of the vaccines used.No significant differences were observed in stress reaction rates among different vaccine types(P>0.05),but significant differences were found in morbidity,mortality,and abortion rates(P<0.05).Significant differences were also observed in all stress-related indicators(stress reaction,morbidity,mortality,abortion)among vaccines with different strains(P<0.05),and among vaccines from different manufacturers in terms of morbidity,mortality,and abortion rates(P<0.05),though not in stress reaction rates(P>0.05).Serological testing showed that the average individual pass rate of antibodies against type O FMD was 89.79%,with a farm-level pass rate of 100%;for type A FMD,the individual pass rate was 89.11%,also with a farm-level pass rate of 100%,indicating overall satisfactory vaccine-induced protection.No significant differences in immunological efficacy were observed between vaccines from different manufacturers at the same production stage or the same manufacturer across different stages(P>0.05).This investigation provides useful references for the development of FMD vaccines and optimization of immunization programs in pigs.
作者
张璐璐
陈铭
陈坤
潘延乐
ZHANG Lulu;CHEN Ming;CHEN Kun;PAN Yanle(Xinyang City Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technical Service Center,Xinyang 464000,China;Yibin Cuiping District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Yibin 644000,China)
出处
《中国兽医杂志》
北大核心
2025年第8期62-68,共7页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine
基金
河南省动物疫病监测流调项目(HNJCLD-2022-XY15)。
关键词
O型口蹄疫
A型口蹄疫
免疫有效性
调查
type O foot-and-mouth disease
type A foot-and-mouth disease
immunological efficacy
investigation
