摘要
针对当前主流增强现实显示设备中的光学组合器存在的光效低,或系统复杂,或不便携带等问题,提出了直投式视网膜投影增强现实近眼显示光学系统的设计方案。光学系统自像面至物面之间依次包括视网膜投影透镜、平行光像源和补偿透镜组三个部分。在仿真过程中,使用玻璃平板替代平行光像源,视网膜投影透镜选择双胶合透镜作为初始结构进行仿真和优化,在设计和仿真补偿透镜组时引入偶次非球面进行设计,同时仿真过程中使用人眼模型进行辅助优化,以模拟实际应用情况。最后,光学系统中的平行光像源使用激光光源及相关光学器件,并使用几何透镜搭建了该光学系统的实物样机以验证系统的显示效果。经过仿真和优化,所设计的光学系统工作在486~656 nm波段,对平行的像源光线进行成像时,点列图均方根(Root Mean Square,RMS)半径为9.59μm,在截止频率处的调制传递函数(Modulation Transfer Function,MTF)大于0.8;加入补偿透镜组后,整个系统对环境光成像时,在0°、3.75°和7.5°的三个半视场的点列图RMS半径分别为3.28μm、4.44μm和5.36μm,且全视场在截止频率处的MTF大于0.6,所设计的光学系统对显示像源和环境光的功率衰减分别在10%以下及30%以下。该系统可实现视网膜投影成像同时对环境光进行补偿,所搭建的样机可实现增强现实显示效果,系统有好的成像质量、高光效和结构简单等优点。
Objective As a new type of display technology,augmented reality display provides an attractive new way for people to perceive the world.Augmented reality displays provide a rich perspective of the surrounding environment,and by overlapping virtual images with the real world,viewers can be immersed in an imagined world where fiction and reality are combined.At present,there are some problems in optical combiner in mainstream augmented reality display devices.For example,optical waveguide devices have the problem of low light efficiency,and the optical engine of the device needs to provide higher brightness,which leads to increased energy consumption of the device.However,there are some problems such as large size and complex system in the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror,freeform surface and retina scanning,which make the equipment inconvenient to carry.Therefore,near-eye display optical system with direct projection retinal projection augmented reality is proposed in this paper.Methods In this paper,an optical system consisting of retinal projection lens,parallel light image source and compensating lens group was constructed by simulation.In the simulation process,glass plate was used instead of parallel light image source.The retina projection lens selected the double glued lens as the initial structure for simulation and optimization and to view the RMS and MTF.Then,the corresponding compensating lens set was designed for the retinal projection lens and the optimized RMS and MTF were viewed.Finally,the laser light source and related optical devices were used to replace the parallel light image source in the optical system,and then the prototype of the optical system was built with geometric lenses and the display effect was observed.Results and Discussions For the parallel light image source in this design,it is set to emit collimated image light and focus through the retinal projection lens,so the designed focusing lens only considers the 0°field of view Angle,and after optimization,its RMS radius is less than 10μm,which has a good focusing effect.Ambient light is also affected by refraction when passing through a transparent display source,so a glass plate is used instead.During the whole system simulation,in order to simulate the real application scenario,the human eye optical model is used to assist the optimization of the system.After optimization,the whole system has a good imaging quality,the RMS radius of the three fields of view is less than 6μm,and the MTF is above 0.5.Finally,through observation,the prototype built for this design can achieve a good augmented reality display effect.Conclusions After simulation and optimization,the designed optical system works in the band of 486-656 nm.When imaging parallel source rays,the RMS radius of the dot plot is 9.59μm,and the Modulation Transfer Function(MTF)at the cutoff frequency is greater than 0.8.When the compensation lens group is added,the RMS radius of the dot plot of the whole system is 3.28μm,4.44μm and 5.36μm,respectively,at 0°,3.75°and 7.5°,and the MTF of the whole field of view at the cutoff frequency is higher than 0.6.The designed optical system attenuates the power of parallel light image source and ambient light less than 10%and 30%respectively.The system can realize the retinal projection imaging and compensate the ambient light at the same time,and the prototype built can realize the augmented reality display effect,which realizes the further verification of the design.The system has the advantages of good imaging quality,high light efficiency and simple structure.
作者
张家展
肖宇泽
颜舒展
叶芸
徐胜
郭太良
陈恩果
ZHANG Jiazhan;XIAO Yuze;YAN Shuzhan;YE Yun;XU Sheng;GUO Tailiang;CHEN Enguo(College of Physics and Information Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China;Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(Mindu Innovation Laboratory),Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《红外与激光工程》
北大核心
2025年第7期68-76,共9页
Infrared and Laser Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(62175032)
福建省杰出青年基金项目(2024J010046)
福建省“揭榜挂帅”科技重大项目(2024HZ022005)
闽都创新实验室产学研融合发展专项(2024CXY106)。
关键词
近眼显示
增强现实
光学设计
视网膜投影
环境光补偿
near-eye display
augmented reality
optical design
retinal projection
ambient light compensation
