摘要
蛋白质是构成生命组织、调节生理功能、为生命活动提供能量等所必需的重要物质.随着蛋白质组学技术的提出及生物技术的迅速发展,对蛋白质高效分离的需求日益增长.高分子材料凭借其良好的稳定性、智能响应性、可设计性及易加工性等特点成为蛋白分离领域的重要材料.本文依据蛋白质自身物理特性,基于高分子官能团与蛋白的相互作用机理,将高分子分为中性、正电、负电以及可调节电荷体系,综述了其在蛋白分离技术中的应用,并展望了高分子材料在蛋白分离领域的未来发展.
Proteins are essential for the construction of living organisms,regulation of physiological functions,and energy supply for life activities.With the introduction of proteomics technology and the rapid development of biotechnology,the demand for efficient protein separation is increasing.The development of effective protein separation techniques is essential to advance proteomics research and biotechnology applications.This review aims to summarize recent advances in the field of protein separation using polymeric materials,focusing on the design,function and application potential of these materials.The review begins with a classification of polymers according to their interaction mechanism with proteins,which includes size sieving,hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic interactions.These interactions can be used for selective protein capture and purification.Neutral polymers are firstly introduced and classified into hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers,which separate proteins via size sieving and hydrophobic interactions,and are known for their abilities in constructing stable threedimensional network structures,reducing non-specific adsorption and maintaining protein activity.The second focus is placed on the separation of positively and negatively charged proteins by electrostatic attraction or repulsion,and the introduction of abundant charged functional groups on polymeric materials can provide active sites for protein binding.Tunable charge systems are also discussed,with a focus on composites that can be switched between cationic,neutral and anionic states.Weak polyelectrolytes that undergo reversible protonation and deprotonation are commonly used in the tunable system as their charge state changes in response to changes in pH or other environmental factors.This property facilitates the control of protein adsorption and desorption processes.The application of stimuli-responsive polymers with changeable physical or chemical properties in response to external stimuli such as temperature,pH,light,or electric fields,in improving protein capture efficiency and selectivity is also reviewed.Finally,this review predicts future trends in protein separation technology,envisioning more efficient,precise,and intelligent systems capable of achieving higher purity and yield of protein separation.The development of cost-effective,scalable methods to meet the stringent requirements of personalized therapies and industrial biopharmaceutical production remains a challenge.The combination of information technology and traditional experimental science will pave the way for nextgeneration protein separation tools that address these challenges,making a significant contribution to the advancement of life sciences and healthcare.
作者
孙颖
王伟杰
姚焰
刘青青
陈鱼
毛晓卉
朱丽萍
朱美芳
Ying Sun;Wei-jie Wang;Yan Yao;Qing-qing Liu;Yu Chen;Xiao-hui Mao;Li-ping Zhu;Mei-fang Zhu(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620;School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering,University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences,Qingdao 266114)
出处
《高分子学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期1313-1332,共20页
Acta Polymerica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金委面上项目(基金号52373098)
国家重点研发计划(项目号2021YFA1201300)
福建省清源创新实验室重大专项(项目号00122006)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(基金号2232024Y-01,2232024D-05)资助.
关键词
高分子材料
蛋白分离
尺寸筛分
静电作用
Polymer materials
Protein separation
Size screening
Electrostatic interaction
