摘要
目的构建专科护士主导的全喉切除术后患者出院准备方案,并探讨其应用效果。方法成立多学科团队,基于Meleis过渡理论构建专科护士主导的全喉切除术后患者出院准备方案。选取2023年4月—2024年10月收治的120例全喉切除术患者作为研究对象,将2023年4—12月收治的60例患者设为对照组,2024年1—10月收治的60例患者设为干预组。干预组实施专科护士主导的全喉切除术患者出院准备方案,对照组实施常规全喉切除术围术期管理策略。比较2组患者出院当日的出院准备度、出院指导质量及住院期间并发症发生率,并比较2组患者出院后1、3个月时居家健康照护体验得分。结果出院当日,干预组患者出院准备度量表各维度得分及总分均高于对照组,出院指导质量量表“实际获得的内容”“出院指导技巧及效果”维度得分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组患者住院期间总并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院后1、3个月时,干预组患者居家健康照护体验量表得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于Meleis过渡理论构建专科护士主导的全喉切除术后患者出院准备服务方案,可有效提高全喉切除术患者的出院准备度、出院指导质量,降低并发症发生率,改善预后及早期居家健康照护水平。
Objective To construct a discharge preparation program for patients after total laryngectomy led by specialist nurses and explore its application effects.Methods A multidisciplinary team was established to construct a discharge preparation program for patients after total laryngectomy led by specialist nurses based on Meleis's transition theory.A total of 120 patients who underwent total laryngectomy from April 2023 to October 2024 were selected as the study subjects.A total of 60 patients admitted from April to December 2023 were set as control group,and 60 patients admitted from January to October 2024 were set as intervention group.The intervention group implemented the discharge preparation program for patients after total laryngectomy led by specialist nurses,while the control group received conventional perioperative management after total laryngectomy.The discharge readiness,quality of discharge instruction,and incidence of complications during hospitalization on the day of discharge were compared between the two groups.Additionally,the scores of home health care experience at 1 and 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results On the day of discharge,the scores of each dimension and the total score of the discharge readinessscale in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group.The scores of the dimensions("Actually received content"and"Discharge instruction skills and effects")and the total score of the Quality of Discharge Instruction Scale in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications during hospitalization in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).At 1 and 3 months after discharge,the scores of the home health care experience scale in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The construction of a discharge preparation service program for patients after total laryngectomy led by specialist nurses based on Meleis's transition theory can effectively improve the discharge readiness and quality of discharge instruction of patients undergoing total laryngectomy,reduce the incidence of complications,and improve the prognosis and early home health care level.
作者
白雪
张阳
刘金营
闫晓宇
宁菲
BAI Xue;ZHANG Yang;LIU Jinying;YAN Xiaoyu;NING Fei(Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army,Beijing,100853;Nursing Department,the First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army,Beijing,100853)
出处
《实用临床医药杂志》
2025年第14期135-141,共7页
Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice
关键词
喉癌
全喉切除术
Meleis过渡理论
出院准备方案
专科护士
出院指导质量
气管切开
护理
laryngeal cancer
total laryngectomy
Meleis's transition theory
discharge preparation program
specialist nurse
quality of discharge instruction
tracheotomy
nursing
