摘要
第三代半导体(也被称为“宽带隙半导体”,WBG)在战略性新兴产业中已得到迅速普及和广泛应用.随着数字时代的到来,计算能力(算力)已经成为衡量一个国家综合国力的重要指标.高算力的物理基础要求AI硬件实现高能量密度化、高集成度和小(微)型化.电路中能量转换的核心器件、电感器(电感),需要兼具高能量密度、优异的电、磁性能和低损耗特性.因此,开发适用于高频应用的高功率密度电感器件及软磁复合材料(磁粉心)势在必行.近年来,铁基非晶和纳米晶合金由于其高饱和磁感应强度、优异软磁性能和低铁损等优点,引起了科研和工业界的极大关注.在高频工况领域,它们有望弥合传统硅钢和软磁铁氧体材料在高功率密度和低铁损方面的性能差距.鉴于其独特的制备方法、特殊的原子结构以及高强度、高硬度,有必要开发针对工业应用的特定的制备、加工、热处理工艺.本文综述了铁基非晶/纳米晶软磁材料的发展、制备、加工和工业应用等方面的研发进展,并对非晶/纳米晶软磁材料及磁粉心在工业应用中所面临的挑战和发展趋势做出展望.
The third-generation semiconductor(also known as the“wide energy gap semiconductor”,WBG)has been widely adopted and applied in strategic emerging industries.As the digital age unfolds,computing ability has become an important indicator of a country’s comprehensive national strength.The physical foundation for high computing power requires AI hardware to enable high energy density,high integration,and miniaturization.Given its key role in circuit energy conversion,the inductor must not only exhibit high energy density but also maintain excellent electrical and magnetic properties,posing significant challenges in minimizing losses during high-frequency operation.Therefore,it is imperative to develop new inductors and soft magnetic materials for high-power density and high-frequency applications.Recently,Fe-based amorphous and nano-crystalline alloys have attracted great attention in scientific research and industry because of their high saturated magnetic flux density and low core loss.Under high-frequency operating conditions,they are expected to bridge the performance gap between traditional silicon steel and soft magnetic ferrite materials in terms of high-power density and low core loss.Given their unique preparation methods,atomic structures,high strength,and hardness,it is necessary to develop specific processing and heat treatment methods tailored to amorphous and nano-crystalline alloys for industrial applications.This paper reviews the progress of Fe-based amorphous/nano-crystalline soft magnetic materials,including their development,preparation,processing,and industrial applications.The challenges and future development trends of amorphous/nano-crystalline soft magnetic powders and powder cores in potential industrial applications are discussed.
作者
黄潇颖
杨世玉
林波
陈亚男
章轩源
向明亮
高萌
霍军涛
王军强
张岩
HUANG XiaoYing;YANG ShiYu;LIN Bo;CHEN YaNan;ZHANG XuanYuan;XIANG MingLiang;GAO Meng;HUO JunTao;WANG JunQiang;ZHANG Yan(Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China;School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)
出处
《中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学》
北大核心
2025年第8期89-118,共30页
Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica
基金
国家重点研发计划(编号:2024YFB3813700)
国家自然科学基金(编号:52231006,92163108)
浙江省“尖兵计划”(编号:2022C01023)
福建省中科院STS计划配套项目(编号:2022T3038)
深圳顺络电子有限公司联合项目(编号:NIMTE-51-2023-15)资助。
关键词
非晶/纳米晶软磁合金
磁粉心
低损耗
电感
算力
amorphous/nano-crystalline soft magnetic alloy
powder core
low core loss
inductor
computility
