摘要
温室植保作业多采用背负式摆动作业方式,存在施药过量、施药效果不均匀等问题。设计一种智能风送施药弥雾机,主体结构包括轴流风机、喷头组、地轨小车、混药箱、高压水泵等。控制系统以STM32为核心,流量传感器用于监测压力水泵的输出量,液位传感器用于监测混药桶中药液剩余量,超声波测距传感器用于监测行进路线上是否存有障碍。对不同风速及喷头仰角参数下,弥雾机作业性能进行试验。试验结果表明,当喷头仰角45°、风速14 m/s时,最远喷射距离为8.8 m,可有效保证作业面积。通过ANSYS Fluent简化仿真,选择喷头中垂线与风机中垂线夹角为30°。该弥雾机可根据作业目标,自主改变作业参数,实现靶向施药作业,满足温室施药作业需求。
In greenhouse plant protection operation,knapsack swing operation is often used,and there are problems such as excessive application and uneven application effect.The design of an intelligent air spray spraying machine,the main structure includes axial flow fan,nozzle group,ground rail car,mixing box,high pressure water pump and so on.The control system is centered around an STM32 microcontroller.A flow sensor monitors the output of the pressure water pump,a liquid level sensor tracks the remaining pesticide volume in the mixing tank,and an ultrasonic distance sensor detects obstacles along the travel path.Experiments were conducted to evaluate the operational performance of the mist duster under varying wind speeds and nozzle elevation angles.Results indicate that at a nozzle elevation angle of 45°and a wind speed of 14 m/s,the maximum spraying distance reached 8.8 m,effectively ensuring the coverage area.Through simplified simulations using ANSYS Fluent,an optimal angle of 30°between the vertical lines of the nozzle and the fan was selected.This mist duster can autonomously adjust operational parameters according to the target,enabling targeted pesticide application and meeting the requirements of greenhouse spraying operations.
作者
蓝移军
刘晨明
程渠林
李闯
毛宝鑫
吴志东
LAN Yijun;LIU Chenming;CHENG Qulin;LI Chuang;MAO Baoxin;WU Zhidong(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;The Engineering Technology Research Center for Precision Manufacturing Equipment and Industrial Perception of Heilongjiang Province,Qiqihar 161006,China;The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Industrialization,Qiqihar 161006,China)
出处
《农机使用与维修》
2025年第8期22-27,共6页
Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance
基金
2024年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410232093)
黑龙江省“双一流”学科协同创新成果项目(LJGXCG2024-P25)
黑龙江省省属本科高校优秀青年教师基础研究支持计划资助(YQJH2024272)
黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究一般研究项目(SJGY20220410)。
关键词
风送施药弥雾机
温室作业
智能施药
Wind-driven spraying mist machine
greenhouse operation
intelligent pesticide application
