摘要
为探究甘肃河西走廊莴笋膜下滴灌最优灌溉制度,采用双因素试验设计,设置滴灌频率(D1:4 d、D2:6 d、D3:8 d)与灌水定额(W1:75 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·次^(-1)、W2:105 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·次^(-1)、W3:135 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·次^(-1))组合的9种处理,系统解析二者对莴笋外观品质、营养品质、产量及灌溉水利用效率(IWUE)的协同效应。基于CRITIC法量化外观品质与营养品质指标,采用变异系数法对莴笋外观品质、营养品质、产量和IWUE四个指标进行赋权,运用TOPSIS模型进行多目标综合评价。结果表明,高中频灌溉(D1、D2)配合高灌溉定额(W3)可显著提高莴笋茎粗、茎长、单株质量及产量,D2W3处理产量达78.15 t·hm^(-2),较D3W1显著增产62.9%。与D1W3处理相比,D3W1处理莴笋的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C含量显著增加,分别显著增加了50.8%、7.5%、18.8%,其硝酸盐含量也显著增加了122.8%,达251.1 mg·kg^(-1)。D2W1处理莴笋的IWUE最高(55.31 kg·m^(-3)),较D1W3提高了67.8%。TOPSIS综合评价结果显示,D2W3处理(6 d滴灌频率+135 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·次^(-1)灌水定额)综合贴近度最高(C_(i)=0.7842),兼顾高产、优质与节水,推荐为甘肃河西走廊莴笋膜下滴灌最优灌溉制度。
To explore the optimal irrigation regime for lettuce under mulched drip irrigation in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu province,this study adopted two-factor experimental design with nine combinations of drip irrigation frequency(D1:4 d,D2:6 d,D3:8 d)and irrigation quota(W1:75 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·time^(-1),W2:105 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·time^(-1),W3:135 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·time^(-1)).The synergistic effects of these factors on lettuce appearance quality,nutritional quality,yield,and irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE)were systematically analyzed.The CRITIC method was used to quantify appearance and nutritional quality indicators,while the coefficient of variation method assigned weights to appearance quality,nutritional quality,yield,and IWUE.A multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the TOPSIS model.The results showed that high and medium frequency irrigation(D1/D2)and high quota irrigation(W3)could significantly increase the stem diameter,stem length,single plant mass and yield of lettuce.The D2W3 treatment achieved the highest yield of 78.15 t·hm^(-2),an increase of 62.9%compared to D3W1.The D3W1 treatment significantly increased soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and vitamin C content,which increased by 50.8%,7.5%and 18.8%,respectively,compared with D1W3,the nitrate content also significantly increased by 122.8%compared with D1W3,reaching 251.1 mg·kg^(-1).IWUE of D2W1 was the highest(55.31 kg·m^(-3)),67.8%higher than that of D1W3.The comprehensive evaluation results of TOPSIS showed that D2W3 treatment(6 d drip irrigation frequency+135 m^(3)·hm^(-2)·time^(-1)irrigation quota)had the highest comprehensive similarity degree(C_(i)=0.7842),considering high yield,good quality and water saving,so it was recommended as the optimal irrigation system of lettuce under mulched drip irrigation in Hexi Corridor of Gansu province.
作者
张玉鑫
蒯佳琳
王晓巍
马彦霞
康恩祥
王萍
ZHANG Yuxin;KUAI Jialin;WANG Xiaowei;MAYanxia;KANG Enxiang;WANG Ping(Vegetable Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)
出处
《中国瓜菜》
北大核心
2025年第8期190-198,共9页
China Cucurbits And Vegetables
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-24-G-28)
院地合作项目“永昌县高原蔬菜标准化生产技术集成与示范”
甘肃省科技特派团专项(22CX8NA034)。
