摘要
为探明氮磷配施对扁蓿豆种子产量、产量构成因子及质量的影响,为种子生产提供技术支撑。在甘肃省武威灌区以陇中1号扁蓿豆为材料,采用双因素试验,设置4个氮肥水平0(N_(0))、47(N_(1))、94(N_(2))和141(N_(3)) kg·hm^(-2),4个磷肥水平0(P_(0))、60(P_(1))、120(P_(2))和180(P_(3)) kg·hm^(-2),研究了氮磷肥配施下播种当年扁蓿豆种子产量、产量构成因子及质量的变化特征。结果表明,每花序小花数、每结荚花序荚果数、每荚果种子数及千粒重是影响扁蓿豆种子产量的主要因素。单施氮肥或磷肥有一定的增产效果但不能充分发挥扁蓿豆种子的产量潜力,氮磷配施显著提高了扁蓿豆种子产量。当施肥量为N_(1)P_(2)时,实际种子产量最高,达844 kg·hm^(2)。单施氮肥可以提升扁蓿豆种子的发芽势、发芽率、活力指数,但对发芽指数无显著影响;单施磷肥可提升扁蓿豆种子的发芽率,但对发芽势、活力指数和发芽指数有一定程度的抑制作用;施肥量为N_(1)P_(2)时可提高扁蓿豆种子品质。因此,在武威灌区扁蓿豆种子生产的播种当年,建议施肥量为47 kg N·hm^(-2)、120 kg P_(2)O5·hm^(-2)。
This research explored the effects of combined nitrogen and phosphorus application on seed yield,yield components,and seed quality in Medicago ruthenica,in order to provide technical support for seed production.A two factor experiment was conducted in the Wuwei irrigation district of Gansu Province,using the M.ruthenica cultivar Longzhong No.1.The experiment comprised a factorial combination of four nitrogen fertilizer(N)levels:0(N_(0)),47(N_(1)),94(N_(2)),and 141(N_(3))kg·ha^(−1),and four phosphorus fertilizer(P_(2)O5)levels:0(P_(0)),60(P_(1)),120(P_(2))and 180(P_(3))kg·ha^(−1).The changes in seed yield,yield components,and quality of M.ruthenica in the year of sowing under the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were studied. The results showed that the number of flowers per inflorescence, the number of pods per inflorescence, the number of seeds per pod and the thousand seed weight were the main factors affecting the seed yield of M. ruthenica. The application of nitrogen or phosphorus fertilizer alone increased seed yield to a certain extent, but could not fully exploit the seed yield potential of M. ruthenica;Nitrogen and phosphorus in combination significantly increased the yield of M. ruthenica. The highest actual seed yield of 844 kg∙ha^(−1) was achieved under the fertilizer combination N_(1)P_(2). Application of nitrogen fertilizer alone enhanced the germination vigor, germination rate, and vitality index of M. ruthenica seeds, while application of phosphorus fertilizer alone improved the germination rate of M. ruthenica seeds but had some degree of inhibitory effect on seed germination vigor, vitality index, and germination index. The combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus improved the seed quality of M. ruthenica. Therefore, while recognizing the data are specific to the Wuwei irrigation district in the year of sowing, for M. ruthenica seed production, the N_(1)P_(2) fertilizer combination of 47 kg N·ha^(−1) and 120 kg P_(2)O5·ha^(−1) is recommended.
作者
樊文娟
宋建超
张小娟
盛宇航
史金涛
张龙骥
鱼小军
FAN Wen-juan;SONG Jian-chao;ZHANG Xiao-juan;SHENG Yu-hang;SHI Jin-tao;ZHANG Long-ji;YU Xiao-jun(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Forage Gerplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《草业学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期54-65,共12页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助。
关键词
武威灌区
扁蓿豆
氮磷配施
种子品质
种子产量
产量构成因子
Wuwei irrigation district
Medicago ruthenica
combined nitrogen and phosphorus application
seed quality
seed yield
yield components
