摘要
以玉米金岭17和大豆东豆9为材料,采用二因素裂区试验设计,米豆间距设50、60、70 cm三个水平、行比配置设2∶2、2∶4、4∶4、4∶6四个水平,研究不同带型配置对以青贮利用为目的的米豆复合种植体相邻行的冠层特性、干物质积累、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,60 cm米豆间距和4∶4行比配置可改善米豆复合种植体的地上部冠层光合环境,共同影响光能的分布利用,进而促进米豆复合种植体相邻行玉米的光合物质积累,有利于叶面积指数和SPAD值的提高,促进冠层叶片光合能力的增加,进而增加玉米生物产量。在整体带型配置中,大豆生物量随着米豆间距及行数的增加而提高,在60 cm米豆间距、4∶4行比配置模式下玉米生物产量最高,大豆生物产量虽略低,但在该带型配置下米豆复合体生物产量及单位面积粗蛋白质产出量最高。综上所述,60 cm米豆间距、4∶4行比配置模式可推荐为西辽河平原灌区以青贮利用为目的较为适宜的米豆复合种植模式。
In this study,we determined the effects of different strip configurations on the canopy characteristics,dry matter accumulation,and yield of corn(Zea mays)and soybean(Glycine max)plants,and on the quality of silage made from these two species co-cultivated under field conditions.The corn cultivar Jinling 17 and the soybean cultivar Dongdou 9 were used in a field experiment with a two-factor split-zone experimental design.The two factors were corn-soybean row spacing(three levels:50,60,and 70 cm),and row-ratio configuration(four configurations:2 rows corn∶2 rows soybean,2∶4,4∶4,and 4∶6).It was found that the corn-soybean row spacing of 60 cm and the 4∶4 row ratio configuration improved the aboveground canopy photosynthetic environment of co-cultivated corn and soybean plants. These two factors jointly affected the distribution of light energy, and the optimal spacing and row configuration promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic products in corn plants in adjacent rows. This was conducive to the improvement of leaf area index and SPAD value, and led to an increase in the photosynthetic capacity of canopy leaves, thereby increasing the biological yield of corn. Across all the different strip configurations, soybean biomass increased with increasing corn-soybean spacing and numbers of adjacent rows. The biological yield of corn was the highest in the 60 cm corn-soybean spacing and 4∶4 row ratio configuration pattern, although the biological yield of soybean was slightly lower in this treatment than in the other treatments. The biological yield of corn+soybean and crude protein output per unit area were the highest in the 60 cm corn-soybean spacing and 4∶4 row ratio configuration pattern. In summary, 60 cm corn-soybean spacing and a 4∶ 4 row ratio configuration are recommended as the best corn-soybean planting pattern for silage production in the irrigated area of the Xiliaohe Plain.
作者
毛海龙
邰继承
杨恒山
张玉芹
张瑞富
王真真
MAO Hai-long;TAI Ji-cheng;YANG Heng-shan;ZHANG Yu-qin;ZHANG Rui-fu;WANG Zhen-zhen(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028043,China;Inner Mongolia Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center,Tongliao 028043,China;College of Grassland,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028043,China)
出处
《草业学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期30-42,共13页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2301802)
内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费(GXKY22142)资助。
关键词
青贮用玉米
大豆
带型配置
冠层特性
产量
silage corn
soybeans
strip configuration
canopy characteristics
yield
