摘要
高精装备装配过程中装配精度的预测和对公差的控制直接影响产品的质量与性能。针对装配过程中受多种误差耦合作用导致装配精度与公差难以准确预测和控制的问题,本文以高精装备装配体元件的联接面误差传递为研究对象,提出了一种综合算法来实现高精度装备的装配精度预测和公差优化。首先,分析了联接面误差传递属性,结合多色集合矩阵建立了联接面误差传递矩阵,求解了装配体主导误差传递路径;基于此建立了装配体误差传递预测模型,结合误差变动不等式、约束不等式与数理统计方法实现了装配精度预测;其次,建立了以最低加工成本为目标的公差优化模型,采用惩罚函数法与改进遗传算法相结合的优化算法进行公差优化。最后,以齿轮油泵装配体为算例,验证了本文提出的精度预测与优化算法的正确性与有效性。
The assembly accuracy prediction and tolerance control of high precision equipment during assembly directly affect the quality and performance of the product.Aiming at the problem that assembly accuracy and tolerance are difficult to accurately predict and control due to the coupling effects of various errors in the assembly process,a comprehensive method is proposed to predict the assembly accuracy and optimize the tolerance of the high-precision equipment by taking the error transmission of the joint surface of the assembly components as the research object.Firstly,the error transfer attribute of the joint surface was analyzed,with error transfer matrix of the joint surface established by combining the polychromatic set matrix.The leading error transfer path of the assembly was solved.Based on this,the assembly error transfer prediction model was established.The assembly accuracy prediction was realized by combining error variation inequality and constraint inequality and mathematical statistics method.Secondly,the tolerance optimization model with the lowest machining cost as the target was established,with the tolerance optimization algorithm combined with the penalty function method and the improved genetic algorithm adopted.Finally,taking the gear oil pump assembly as an example,the correctness and effectiveness by the proposed method were verified.
作者
王平
刘象
张义
罗哲
WANG Ping;LIU Xiang;ZHANG Yi;LUO Zhe(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024,China)
出处
《西安理工大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期257-265,共9页
Journal of Xi'an University of Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51705441)
福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT210349)
福建省中青年教师教育科研项目重点项目(JZ240062)。
关键词
高精装备
联接面误差传递
装配精度预测
公差优化
改进遗传算法
high-precision equipment
error transmission of joint surface
assembly accuracy prediction
tolerance optimization
improved genetic algorithm
