摘要
非常规突发事件下,网络亲社会行为是帮助整合资源、恢复现实世界秩序的重要渠道。研究探究风险情境下风险感知是否会驱动人们更倾向于做出网络亲社会行为及其如何进一步影响非常规突发事件的走向。研究1采用问卷法,结合恐惧管理理论,验证了风险感知经由本体安全感对网络亲社会行为的影响以及健康自我效能感的调节作用;研究2采用基于主体的建模技术(agent based model, ABM)建模预测了网络亲社会行为通过调节医疗资源有效分配,有效减少疫情峰值人数、缩短疫情持续时间。研究拓展了对网络亲社会行为动因的理解以及对影响非常规突发事件走向的预测,启示人们通过增进网络亲社会行为对风险事件施加正向的影响。
With deep involvement in internet practices,online space has become an important place for individuals’prosocial behavior.Online prosocial behavior,characterized by voluntary acts in digital spaces aimed at benefiting others,plays a significant role in this context.Under unconventional emergencies,the internet becomes a virtual living environment that the public relies on,and online prosocial behavior becomes an important channel to help integrate resources and restore order in the real world.This study explores the mechanisms that drive individuals to engage in online prosocial behaviors when unconventional emergencies pose risks in the real space,and further explores how online prosocial behaviors driven by risk perceptions can further influence the direction of unconventional emergencies in the real world.Study 1 utilized a questionnaire-based approach,gathering a substantial sample of 917 participants for analysis using SPSS software.Grounded in the Terror Management Theory(TMT),the study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine the effect of risk perception on online prosocial behavior.Specifically,it considered the mediating role of ontological security—individuals’sense of safety and stability in their environment—and the moderating role of health self-efficacy,which reflects individuals'belief in their ability to manage their health and well-being during crises.The results indicated that individuals experiencing higher levels of risk perception were more inclined to engage in online prosocial actions,with this inclination mediated by a reduced sense of ontological security.Furthermore,health self-efficacy played a significant moderating role.That is,individuals with higher self-efficacy demonstrated a stronger tendency to translate their security-seeking behaviors into prosocial actions.These findings highlight the complex interplay between psychological factors and the motivation to engage in prosocial behavior in digital spaces.Study 2 employed Agent-Based Modeling(ABM)to simulate the practical effects of online prosocial behavior during a public health crisis,focusing particularly on online donations as a key manifestation of such behavior.Based on the two-space coupling model,the results of the model prediction showed that online donation behavior reduces the number of people at the peak of the epidemic and shortens the duration by regulating the effective allocation of medical resources.Risk awareness in crisis situations can stimulate the public's online helping behavior,and the spontaneous increase in donation behavior reduces the number of people infected during the peak of the epidemic and shortens the number of days to reach the peak as well as the overall number of days of the epidemic.People donate out of a desire to improve the well-being of the rest of the population,and online donation behaviors enable the public to respond more effectively to the epidemic threat by allocating more resources to those in need.This research contributes to our understanding of the psychological and practical drivers of online prosocial behavior during emergencies.It broadens the application of Terror Management Theory by extending its relevance to online contexts and underscores the role of health self-efficacy as a critical factor in shaping prosocial responses.Additionally,the study suggests that promoting online prosocial behavior serves a dual purpose:it helps individuals regain psychological stability during crises and contributes to a more effective societal response.In conclusion,this study highlights the dual importance of integrating digital and physical spaces in the context of crisis management.By providing insights for policymakers,it underscores the potential to leverage online engagement to enhance crisis response and community resilience.Encouraging online prosocial behaviors can create a supportive environment that empowers individuals and communities,enabling them to navigate the challenges posed by unconventional emergencies more effectively.As societies continue to rely on digital platforms,understanding and promoting these behaviors will be essential to foster collective well-being in times of crisis.
作者
白麒钰
黄柯依
韩思嘉
陈尚仪
刘阔
张玥
李劭
罗思阳
Bai Qiyu;Huang Keyi;Han Sijia;Chen Shangyi;Liu Kuo;Zhang Yue;Li Shao;Luo Siyang(School of New Media,Peking University,Beijing,100871;Department of Sociology,Utrecht University,Utrecht,The Netherlands,3584 CS;Department of Psychology,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510006;School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Peking University,Beijing,100871)
出处
《心理科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期1009-1023,共15页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(32371125,32071081,72304018)
青年人才托举工程(2023QNRC001)的资助。
