摘要
试验旨在研究发酵饲料对草鱼生长、血清生化指标及肠道微生物的影响。以投喂膨化配合饲料为对照组,投喂膨化配合饲料+发酵饲料(配比为3∶1)为试验组,对草鱼进行为期63 d的养殖试验。结果显示:试验组草鱼生长及形体指标与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),但饲料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组草鱼全鱼水分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组草鱼肌肉水分和粗脂肪含量表现出与全鱼相同的趋势,肌肉粗蛋白和灰分含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组除淀粉酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05)外,其他血清酶活性指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。通过对肠道组织学和微生物的测定,试验组草鱼肠道皱襞长度和肌层厚度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),在门水平上试验组草鱼肠道蓝细菌门与变形菌门占比升高,在属水平上,试验组弧菌属和纤发鞘丝蓝细菌属占比显著升高(P<0.05),但试验组草鱼肠道菌群Simpson指数、Shannon指数、Ace指数和Chao指数与对照组均差异不显著(P>0.05)。采用维氏气单胞菌对草鱼进行攻毒,试验组草鱼总的死亡率降低33.33%,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。综合上述结果,在养殖过程中投喂一定比例的发酵饲料可降低草鱼饲料系数,增强草鱼抗病能力。
In order to explore the effects of fermented diet on growth,serum biochemical indicators and intestinal microbes of Ctenopharyngodon idella,a 63 days culture experiment was carried out on grass carp by feeding expanded formulated diet as the control group and expanded formulated diet plus fermented diet(formula diet∶fermented diet=3∶1)as the test group.The results showed that there was no signifi-cant difference between the test group and the con-trol group in growth and body index of grass carp(P>0.05),but FCR of the test group was signifi-cantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);whole fish water content of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),crude lipid was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),muscle water and crude lipid content of the test group showed the same tend as that of whole fish,while muscle crude protein and ash content were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference on serum activities of AST,ALT,AKP,LPS,LDH and CK between the test group and the control group(P>0.05),while AMS was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);by measuring intestinal histology and microbiota,the length of intestinal folds and muscle layer thickness of grass carp in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);there were no significant differences on the simpson index,shannon index,ace index and chao index of intestine microbiota of grass carp between the test group and the control group(P>0.05),compared with the control group,cyanobacteria and proteobacteria had increased,cetobacterium and aeromonas had decreased.Use Aeromonas aeruginosa to attack grass carps resulted in a significantly lower mortality rate in the test group compared to the control group(P<0.05).In summary,fermented diet can reduce FCR of grass carp and enhance their disease resis-tance.
作者
郭建林
孙丽慧
李倩
姚林杰
姜建湖
孙钰鑫
高令梅
张海琪
GUO Jianlin;SUN Lihui;LI Qian;YAO Linjie;JIANG Jianhu;SUN Yuxin;GAO Lingmei;ZHANG Haiqi(Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province,Huzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality Improvement and Processing Technology,Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Zhejiang Huzhou 313001,China;Zhejiang Hanbei Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Zhejiang Huzhou 313200,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2025年第15期85-95,共11页
Feed Industry
基金
科技创新2030—重大项目[2023ZD0406505]。
关键词
发酵饲料
草鱼
体成分
血清生化指标
攻毒效果
肠道微生物
fermented diet
Ctenopharyngodon idella
body composition
serum biochemical indicators
attack effect
intestinal microbiota
