摘要
免疫学检测技术是以评估免疫反应中免疫细胞活性和数量为依据,用于疾病诊断和理解疾病发生机制的关键途径。这种方法对疾病的确诊、免疫疗法的评估及疫苗接种效果的评估都具有重要意义。本文以病毒感染的免疫损伤机制及检测技术为切入点,阐述了病毒通过免疫抑制、病理应答等途径导致器官损伤的机理,分析了传统检测方法的优缺点,并重点介绍了胶体金技术、重组免疫印迹、荧光免疫法等新型检测技术的原理及临床应用。最后,本文总结了当前病毒免疫检验面临的挑战,包括操作误差、样本特异性等问题,为优化检测策略提供参考。
Immunological detection technology is a key way to diagnose and understand the mechanism of disease based on the evaluation of the activity and quantity of immune cells in immune response.This method is of great sig-nificance for the diagnosis of disease,the evaluation of immunotherapy and the evaluation of vaccination effect.Based on the immune injury mechanism and detection technology of virus infection,this paper expounds the mechanism of organ damage caused by virus through immunosuppression,pathological response and other ways,analyzes the advan-tages and disadvantages of traditional detection methods,and focuses on the principle and clinical application of new detection technologies such as colloidal gold technology,recombinant immunoblotting and fluorescence immunoassay.Finally,this paper summarizes the current challenges faced by virus immunoassay,including operational errors,sample specificity and other issues,and provides a reference for optimizing the detection strategy.
作者
许红梅
张艳艳
孙丽丽
XU Hongmei;ZHANG Yanyan;SUN Lii(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Weifang Second People′s Hospital,Weifang 261000,Shandong,China;Depart-ment of Rheumatology and Immunology,Weifang Second People′s Hospital,Weifang 261000,Shandong,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Weifang Second People′s Hospital,Weifang 261000,Shandong,China)
出处
《系统医学》
2025年第12期185-188,共4页
Systems Medicine
关键词
病毒
感染
免疫学
检验
Virus
Infection
Immunology
Inspect
