摘要
近年早产儿存活率提升,但神经发育障碍风险增加,运动发育问题尤为突出。作为神经行为发育关键指标,精细动作直接影响其早期生活质量及长期认知、社会情感发展。MRI因无创、高软组织分辨率及功能成像优势,成为评估早产儿脑发育的核心技术。然而,当前关于早产儿精细动作发育与脑MRI特征关联性的研究存在局限,病理机制、技术转化及干预路径研究尚未形成系统框架。近五年研究显示,早产儿脑皮层厚度、灰质体积等MRI指标与足月儿差异显著,这些结构异常是精细动作发育滞后的生物学基础,并通过神经环路重塑影响认知与运动协调的长期发育。多模态功能MRI等新技术,为动态追踪脑发育、预测神经发育结局提供了新视角。目前研究面临小样本横断面设计、纵向数据匮乏及多模态影像-临床表型关联模型不足等挑战。未来需通过大样本纵向研究、多模态MRI技术及跨学科方法,为早产儿精细动作发育精准评估与干预方案优化提供依据。本综述聚焦早产儿精细动作发育与脑MRI检测的关联性研究进展,旨在为临床评估及干预策略提供新借鉴。
In recent years,the survival rate of preterm infants has increased,but the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders has also risen,with motor development problems being particularly prominent.As a key indicator of neurobehavioral development,fine motor skills directly affect early quality of life and long-term cognitive and socio-emotional development.MRI,with its advantages of non-invasiveness,high soft tissue resolution,and functional imaging,has become a core technology for evaluating brain development in preterm infants.However,current research on the association between fine motor development in preterm infants and brain MRI characteristics has limitations,and systematic frameworks for studying pathological mechanisms,technological transformation,and intervention pathways have not yet been established.Studies over the past five years have shown significant differences in MRI indices such as cerebral cortical thickness and gray matter volume between preterm and term infants.These structural abnormalities serve as the biological basis for delayed fine motor development and influence the long-term development of cognitive and motor coordination through neural circuit remodeling.New technologies such as multimodal functional MRI provide new perspectives for dynamically tracking brain development and predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes.Current research faces challenges such as small sample cross-sectional designs,lack of longitudinal data,and insufficient multimodal imaging-clinical phenotype association models.In the future,large-sample longitudinal studies,multimodal MRI technologies,and interdisciplinary approaches are needed to provide a basis for accurate assessment of fine motor development and optimization of intervention strategies in preterm infants.This review focuses on the research progress of the correlation between fine motor development in premature infants and brain MRI detection,aiming to provide new references for clinical evaluation and intervention strategies.
作者
徐梓飞
王炳玉
杜猛
王娟超
李红新
XU Zifei;WANG Bingyu;DU Meng;WANG Juanchao;LI Hongxin(Department of Neonatology,Affiliated Changzhou Children's Hospital of Nantong University,Changzhou 213000,China)
出处
《磁共振成像》
北大核心
2025年第7期124-128,共5页
Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
基金
科技创新2030—“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(编号:2022ZD0209000)
常州市2024年科技计划项目(应用基础研究卫健领域社会资金资助项目)(编号:CJ20244031)。
关键词
早产儿
精细动作
磁共振成像
脑皮层
运动发育
preterm birth
fine motor skills
magnetic resonance imaging
brain mantle
motor development
