摘要
货车列检技术检查作业是货车运用维修的最重要内容,长期执行历史成本法结算模式,已难以满足国铁企业市场化经营的需要。为研究适用于内部市场化运行的货车列检技术检查业务的结算模式,通过分析业务交易特征和投资专用性,应用交易成本理论明确其定价方法为基于成本和协商的短期差异化方法;考虑列检技术检查作业成本与作业类型、空间与劳效高度相关,研究建立兼顾作业类型和作业强度差异的货车列检技术检查作业费用模型,提出不同作业类型的换算方式,研究自然环境、线路工况、资源布局、质量因素4类作业强度影响因素的指标选择和综合评价算法,创新货车运用维修的结算机制,为国铁货车模拟市场化改革提供决策参考。
Technical inspection of freight cars is the most important component of their operation and maintenance.The settlement mode based on a historical cost method has been unfavorable for the market-oriented operation of Chinese railway enterprises for a long time.To develop a settlement model suitable for the internal marketization of technical inspection services of freight cars,this study proposed a short-term differentiation pricing method based on costs and negotiation by analyzing the transaction characteristics and investment specificity of the business and applying the transaction cost theory.Considering the high correlation between inspection costs and operation types,spatial factors,and labor efficiency,the study developed a cost model for technical inspection of freight cars according to differences in both operation types and intensity.It proposed a conversion method for different operation types,investigated the index selection and comprehensive evaluation algorithm for four intensity factors,including natural environment,line conditions,resource layout,and quality,and designed an innovative settlement mechanism for freight car operation and maintenance.This provides a reference for simulating market-oriented reform of Chinese railway freight cars.
作者
雷蕾
杨忠良
关卉雯
张梦迪
朱加发
LEI Lei;YANG Zhongliang;GUAN Huiwen;ZHANG Mengdi;ZHU Jiafa(Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Locomotive&Car Department,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China)
出处
《铁道运输与经济》
北大核心
2025年第8期176-181,共6页
Railway Transport and Economy
基金
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2022Z014)
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2022YJ007)。
关键词
货车运用维修
列检技术检查
定价方法
结算模型
内部市场化
Operation and Maintenance of Freight Car
Technical Inspection of Freight Car
Pricing Method
Settlement Model
Internal Marketization
