摘要
试验旨在探究发酵菜粕替代豆粕对福瑞鲤生长性能、血清生化、抗氧化指标、生长与免疫相关基因表达的影响。选取450尾体质健康、初始体重为(15.35±1.65)g的福瑞鲤,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。对照组饲喂基础饲料,试验组使用发酵菜粕分别替代基础饲料中豆粕的25%(FRSM25组)、50%(FRSM50组)、75%(FRSM75组)及100%(FRSM100组),配制成5种等氮等能的试验饲料。试验期8 w。结果显示,与对照组相比,FRSM25组的末重、增重率、特定生长率和肥满度均显著升高(P<0.05),饲料系数降低(P>0.05)。FRSM100组血清中葡萄糖含量显著高于对照组和FRSM25组(P<0.05),血清白蛋白含量显著低于FRSM25组和FRSM50组(P<0.05)。FRSM25组的血清总蛋白含量显著高于对照组、FRSM75组和FRSM100组(P<0.05)。FRSM75组血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。FRSM50组血清总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组、FRSM75组和FRSM100组(P<0.05)。FRSM100组超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。FRSM25组未见明显肝胰脏损伤,当替代比例超过50%时,福瑞鲤肝胰脏中出现大量空泡化现象。FRSM25组生长激素(GH)基因相对表达量显著高于FRSM50组、FRSM75组、FRSM100组(P<0.05)。FRSM25组胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)基因表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)表达量显著低于FRSM50组、FRSM75组、FRSM100组(P<0.05)。FRSM75组和FRSM100组白细胞介素-8(IL-8)表达量显著高于对照组和FRSM25组(P<0.05)。研究表明,发酵菜粕替代25%豆粕可以促进福瑞鲤生长,提高鱼体抗氧化酶活性,增强机体免疫力。
The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of dietary soybean meal replaced with fermented rapeseed meal on the growth performance,serum biochemical,antioxidant index,and genes related to growth and immunity of Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'.A total of 450 Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'with a healthy constitution and an initial body weight of(15.35±1.65)g were randomly divided into five groups,with three replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.The control group was fed the basal diet,while the experimental groups were respectively fed with 25%(FRSM25 group),50%(FRSM50 group),75%(FRSM75 group),and 100%(FRSM100 group)of fermented rapeseed meal replacing soybean meal in the basal diet,to formulate five kinds of isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets.The experimental period was eight weeks.The result showed that compared with the control group,the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,and condition factor in the FRSM25 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the feed conversion rate was decreased(P>0.05).The glucose content in the serum of the FRSM100 group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the FRSM25 group(P<0.05),while the serum albumin content was significantly lower than that of the FRSM25 and FRSM50 groups(P<0.05).The total protein content in the serum of the FRSM25 group was significantly higher than that of the control,FRSM75 and FRSM100 groups(P<0.05).The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the FRSM75 group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity of the serum in the FRSM50 group was significantly higher than that of the control,FRSM75 and FRSM100 groups(P<0.05).The activity of superoxide dismutase in the FRSM100 group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05).There was no significant damage to the liver and pancreas in the FRSM25 group.When the substitution ratio exceeded 50%,a large amount of vacuolization occurred in the liver and pancreas of the Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'.The expression of the growth hormone gene(GH)in the FRSM25 group was significantly higher than that in the FRSM50,FRSM75,and FRSM100 groups(P<0.05).The expression of insulin like growth factor(IGF-1)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)genes in the FRSM25 group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05),while the expression of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)genes was significantly lower than that in the FRSM50,FRSM75,and FRSM100 groups(P<0.05).The expression of interleukin-8(IL-8)genes in the FRSM75 and FRSM100 groups was significantly higher than that in the control and FRSM25 groups(P<0.05).The study shows that 25%dietary soybean meal replaced by fermented rapeseed meal promoted growth,increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and improved the body immunity of Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'.
作者
陈铭川
纪逸
戴子凡
陈香凝
丁祝进
魏朝青
程汉良
许建和
CHEN Mingchuan;JI Yi;DAI Zifan;CHEN Xiangning;DING Zhujin;WEI Chaoqing;CHENG Hanliang;XU Jianhe
出处
《饲料研究》
北大核心
2025年第12期59-65,共7页
Feed Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:32403038)
江苏省科技支撑项目-苏北科技专项(项目编号:SZ-SQ2021034)
江苏自然科学基金(项目编号:BK20201465)
江苏海洋大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(项目编号:KYCX2023-27)。
关键词
发酵菜粕
福瑞鲤
血清生化指标
抗氧化指标
基因表达
fermented rapeseed meal
Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'
serum biochemical index
antioxidant index
gene expression
