摘要
【目的】福建省闽东地区野生乌饭树种质资源丰富,通过引种驯化栽培筛选获得具有优良特性的种质材料,为后续品种选育及产业化推广提供优质种源基础。【方法】采集了闽东地区8个地理种源的野生乌饭树种质资源,开展引种栽培,观测植株成活率、形态特征、农艺性状等指标,并结合乌米饭制备品质分析,对种质资源进行综合评价。【结果】野生乌饭树引种平均成活率84.58%;在同一栽培条件下,8个不同地理种源乌饭树形态特征、农艺性状存在明显差异,其中叶片大小、叶缘形态、有无毛被等差异尤为显著;染米米质综合评价来看,周宁、福安两个种源最优,染色乌米饭呈靛蓝色、饭粒光亮;其次是柘荣、福鼎、蕉城种源,而罗源、寿宁、霞浦种源较差。【结论】目前乌饭树主要用来制作乌米饭,闽东地区建议重点推广周宁、福安两个种源,其次推广柘荣、福鼎、蕉城种源,而罗源、寿宁、霞浦三个种源不宜大面积推广应用。
【Objective】The germplasm resources of wild Vaccinium bracteatum in the eastern Fujian are abundant.Through introduction,domestication,cultivation and screening,germplasm materials with excellent characteristics have been obtained,providing a high-quality germplasm materials foundation for subsequent variety selection and breeding and industrial promotion.【Method】Wild V.bracteatum germplasm resources from eight geographical sources in the eastern Fujian province were collected.Through introduction,domestication and cultivation,indicators such as plant survival rate,morphological characteristics and agronomic traits were observed and measured.Combined with the quality of black rice(Umi rice)prepared,these germplasm resources was comprehensively evaluated.【Result】The average survival rate of introduction was 84.58%.Under the same cultivation conditions,there were significant differences in the morphological characteristics and agronomic traits of wild V.bracteatum germplasm resources from eight geographical sources.Among them,the differences in leaf size,leaf margin morphology,and the presence or absence of hair cover were particularly significant.From the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of dyed rice,germplasm resources from the two germplasm sources of Zhouning and Fu′an were the best.The dyed black rice was indigo blue and the grains were shiny.Those from Zherong,Fuding and Jiaocheng were second best while those from Luoyuan,Shouning and Xiapu are relatively poor.【Conclusion】At present,V.bracteatum is mainly used to make black rice.It is suggested that the two germplasm materials of Zhouning and Fu′an should be promoted as the priority,followed by the germplasm materials of Zherong,Fuding and Jiaocheng.However,the germplasm materials of Luoyuan,Shouning and Xiapu should not be widely promoted and applied.
作者
谢文萍
马腾飞
钟幼雄
陈建平
梅韶玲
李丽林
Xie Wenping;Ma Tengfei;Zhong Youxiong;Chen Jianping;Mei Shaoling;Li Lilin(Ningde Vocational and Technical College,Fu′an,Fujian 355000,China)
出处
《东南园艺》
2025年第2期187-191,共5页
Southeast Horticulture
基金
福建省级财政林业科技研究项目(2024FKJ10)
2021年度福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(科技类)(JAT210952)。
关键词
闽东地区
乌饭树
成活率
叶片
染米品质
乌米饭
eastern Fujian province
Vaccinium bracteatum
survival rate
leaf
dyeing rice quality
black rice
