摘要
【目的】为探究土壤中可降解微塑料对烤烟幼苗光合作用和抗氧化酶系统的影响,揭示烤烟幼苗在微塑料胁迫下的生理响应特征。【方法】通过盆栽试验,以烤烟品种K326为材料,选择难生物降解(PE)和可生物降解(PBAT)2种微塑料类型,分别添加每种微塑料类型的低(0.1%)、中(1%)、高(10%)3种浓度到土壤中,研究不同微塑料添加处理对烤烟幼苗的光合特性、叶片抗氧化酶活性和生物量的影响。【结果】与对照相比,PE处理显著降低烤烟幼苗的生物量及净光合能力,尤其是高浓度(10%)的PE处理组,其叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率及生物量显著低于其他处理组;添加低浓度(0.1%)的PBAT处理对烤烟幼苗的叶生物量、总生物量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率,POD活性和APX活性有显著促进作用,高浓度(10%)的PBAT处理仅对烤烟的根生物量及SPAD值有促进作用,而对烤烟幼苗叶片的茎生物量、叶生物量、总生物量、净光合速率、APX活性均存在显著抑制作用;烤烟幼苗的茎生物量、叶生物量、净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率及APX活性均随2种微塑料浓度的升高而降低;H_(2)O_(2)含量及MDA含量均随微塑料浓度的升高而上升,在最高浓度(10%)时达到最大值。【结论】2种微塑料在土壤中浓度越高对烤烟幼苗的生长和生理特性影响越大,但与PE相比,PBAT微塑料对烤烟幼苗的生长和生理特性影响较小,甚至低浓度的PBAT可对土壤、植株产生正向作用,能够促进烤烟幼苗的生长发育,因此在烤烟幼苗田间覆膜的类型选择上,可优先考虑使用PBAT等可生物降解的地膜类型。
[Objective]The study aimed to explore the effects of degradable microplastics in soil on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system of flue-cured tobacco seedlings,and to reveal the physiological response characteristics of flue-cured tobacco seedlings under microplastic stress.[Method]Through pot experiment,the flue-cured tobacco seedlings cultivar K326 was used as the material,and two types of microplastics,non-biodegradable(PE)and biodegradable(PBAT),were selected.Three concentrations of low(0.1%),medium(1%)and high(10%)of each microplastic type were added to the soil to study the effects of different microplastic addition treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics,leaf antioxidant enzyme activity and biomass of flue-cured tobacco seedlings.[Result]Compared with the control,PE treatment significantly reduced the biomass and net photosynthetic capacity of flue-cured tobacco seedlings,especially in the high concentration(10%)PE treatment group,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,transpiration rate and biomass of leaves were significantly lower than other treatment groups;The addition of low concentration(0.1%)PBAT treatment significantly promoted the leaf biomass,total biomass,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,POD activity and APX activity of fluecured tobacco seedlings.The high concentration(10%)PBAT treatment only promoted the root biomass and SPAD value of flue-cured tobacco,but significantly inhibited the stem biomass,leaf biomass,total biomass,net photosynthetic rate and APX activity of flue-cured tobacco seedlings;The stem biomass,leaf biomass,net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,transpiration rate and APX activity of fluecured tobacco seedlings decreased with the increase of two microplastic concentrations.The content of H_(2)O_(2) and MDA increased with the increase of microplastic concentration,and reached the maximum at the highest concentration(10%).[Conclusion]The higher the concentration of microplastics in the soil,the greater the impact on the growth and physiological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco seedlings.However,compared with PE,PBAT microplastics have less impact on the growth and physiological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco seedlings.Even low concentrations of PBAT can have a positive effect on the soil and plants,promoting the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco seedlings.Therefore,in the selection of film mulching types for flue-cured tobacco seedlings in the field,biodegradable film types such as PBAT can be given priority.
作者
任德娴
黄晓霞
季成佳
陈颐
张豹林
杨晴
刘子丹
姜永雷
REN De-xian;HUANG Xiao-xia;JI Cheng-jia;CHEN Yi;ZHANG Bao-lin;YANG Qing;LIU Zi-dan;JIANG Yong-lei(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650021,China;Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing City Company,Kunming 655000,China;School of Tobacco,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650000,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期1040-1046,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司广西壮族自治区公司科技计划项目(202345000024075)
云南中烟工业有限责任公司云产卷烟特需原料产业化技术研究与应用(2021YL03)。
关键词
微塑料
烤烟幼苗
光合特性
抗氧化酶活性
Microplastics
Flue-cured tobacco seedlings
Photosynthetic characteristics
Antioxidant enzyme activity
