摘要
中国当前正处于创新驱动转型关键期,亟需高校对区域创新做出更大贡献。系统梳理西方经济地理学相关理论和实证研究,有助于为中国进一步明晰高校在创新体系中的功能定位和制定区域创新战略提供参考。论文首先从高校的教学、科研和区域发展三大职能出发,将高校在区域创新中的作用归结为人力资本、知识转移、知识中介、创业活动、参与模式和创新效应六大维度;其次,系统梳理知识溢出、区域创新系统、三螺旋、创新网络等理论倡导高校参与区域创新的主要渠道、空间尺度、影响因子及相应政策启示,并总结其对六大维度研究的贡献;再次,比较案例研究、计量经济模型和社会网络分析三种常用方法的使用情况及对开展六大维度研究的适用性;最后,从高校对外影响的渠道复杂性、区域异质性以及评估高校作用的理论和方法优化等方面指出研究前沿。
China is currently undergoing a pivotal transition towards an innovation-driven economy,and there is an urgent need for universities to play a more significant role in regional innovation.A systematic review of the relevant theoretical and empirical studies in Western economic geography can provide a scientific basis for China to further clarify the functions of universities in the innovation system and to formulate regional innovation strategies.In this study,the role of universities in regional innovation was first conceptualized from six dimensions:human capital,knowledge transfer,knowledge brokers,entrepreneurial activities,engagement patterns,and innovation effects.These dimensions stem from the three missions of universities,namely teaching,research,and regional development.Second,we analyzed the dominant channels,spatial scales,influencing factors,and corresponding policy implications of universities'engagement in regional innovation by reviewing six theoretical frameworks—the linear innovation model and university knowledge spillover,the nonlinear interactive innovation model and relational university,the regional innovation system and regional innovation system university,the triple helix and entrepreneurial university,the adaptive response and engaged university,and the innovation network and broker university.The contributions of these theoretical frameworks to the study of the six dimensions were then compared.Third,the applicability of three empirical methods—case studies,econometric modeling,and social network analysis—was evaluated in terms of their suitability for conducting research on the six dimensions.Fourth,research frontiers were outlined in terms of the channel complexity and regional heterogeneity of universities'external impacts,and the optimization of theories and methodologies for assessing the role of universities.The extant literature on the theoretical frameworks that inform our understanding of the role of universities in regional innovation presents three major trends:1)Intellectual property activities in universities have been progressively emphasized,with the objective of emulating the successful practices of a few exemplary universities.2)The third mission of universities is being expanded by key theoretical frameworks dedicated to meeting the development needs of the host region.3)Functional distances of universities that influence external regions are gradually being superseded by a regional scale,with the aim of enabling universities to serve local development.Theoretical frameworks on this topic are closely related to development strategies and innovation policy adjustments across countries.Additionally,our findings indicate that the three empirical methods have been extensively employed to investigate the role of universities in regional innovation.However,it is evident that none of these methods can fully address the six dimensions of research simultaneously.Case studies are frequently used to examine engagement patterns,while econometric models offer distinct advantages in the analysis of knowledge transfer and innovation effects.Social network analysis is also gaining prominence in the examination of knowledge transfer and knowledge brokers.As in Western universities and regions,intellectual property activities have become the primary means of knowledge and technology transfer in universities in China.However,the contribution of Chinese universities to regional innovation remains limited.In light of these findings,future research should focus on the Chinese context and regional differences,employing a combination of empirical methods to examine the role of universities in regional innovation.
作者
叶雷
宓泽锋
曹贤忠
曾刚
YE Lei;MI Zefeng;CAO Xianzhong;ZENG Gang(School of Economics and Management,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China;School of Economics,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China;Center for Modern Chinese City Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《地理科学进展》
北大核心
2025年第6期1100-1114,共15页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42201192,42130510,42171184,42271197)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(22JJDZS790302)。
关键词
高校
区域创新
区域发展
技术转移
产学研
university
regional innovation
regional development
technology transfer
industry-university-government
