摘要
【目的】明确生物炭对不同海拔下植烟土壤养分及细菌群落结构的影响。【方法】选择贵州省合肥地区900和1200 m两个海拔,分别设置常规施肥(HCK、LCK)和0.9 t·hm^(-2)生物炭处理(HT、LT),共4个试验处理。取样分析生物炭对各个处理组的土壤养分及细菌群落结构的影响。【结果】施加生物炭后,900和1200 m两个海拔的土壤有机质质量分数分别增加了10.23%和9.84%,碱解氮质量分数分别增加了19.83%和12.19%,微生物量碳质量分数增加了81.04%和21.44%。在不同海拔下,生物炭对土壤中的细菌群落结构产生不同程度的影响,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度显著下降,然而疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)的相对丰度显著升高。在900 m的较低海拔地区,其相对丰度呈下降趋势。拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)的相对丰度在1200 m地区较CK有降低的趋势,反之,在900 m处有上升的趋势。在1200 m的较高海拔地区,酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的相对丰度与CK相比呈升高的趋势。【结论】生物炭能够显著改善土壤细菌群落结构,尤其是改变1200 m海拔下功能微生物群落,并增加土壤微生物量碳,为西南烟区不同海拔下植烟土壤微生态环境调控和土壤改良提供理论依据。
【Objective】To study the effects of biochar on soil nutrient and bacterial community structure in tobacco-growing soils at different altitudes.【Method】Four treatments were established under two altitude of 900 m and 1200 m in Zunyi,Guizhou provinces,including conventional fertilization(HCK,LCK)and 0.9 t·hm^(-2)biochar treatment(HT,LT).Soil samples were collected to analyze the effects of biochar on soil nutrients and bacterial community structure in each treatment group.【Result】The results showed that the application of biochar increased soil organic matter mass fraction by 10.23%and 9.84%,the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen mass fraction by 19.83%and 12.19%,and the microbial biomass carbon mass fraction by 81.04%and 21.44%at the two altitude of 900 m and 1200 m,respectively.Under different altitude,biochar application affected the bacterial community structure in the soil to different degrees.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased significantly,while that of Verrucomicrobiota and Cyanobacteria increased significantly.At lower elevations up to 900 m,its relative abundance tends to decline.The relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota at the level of the two phyla decreased at 1200 m but increased at 900 m compared with CK.At the higher altitude of 1200 m,the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota,Chloroflexi and Firmicutes showed an increasing trend compared with CK.【Conclusion】Biochar can significantly improve the soil bacterial community structure,especially change the functional microbial community at 1200 m altitude,and increase the soil microbial biomass carbon.This experiment provides a theoretical basis for the regulation and improvement of the microecological environment of tobacco-growing soil at different altitudes in the southwest tobacco-growing area.
作者
王富磊
严锦申
王初亮
李茂森
黄纯杨
李宙文
高卫锴
任天宝
WANG Fulei;YAN Jinshen;WANG Chuliang;LI Maosen;HUANG Chunyang;LI Zhouwen;GAO Weikai;REN Tianbao(College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University/Engineering Technology Center for Biochar Research,Zhengzhou 450046,China;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,LTD.,Guangzhou 510310,China;Zunyi Company of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company,Zunyi 563000,China)
出处
《河南农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期625-634,共10页
Journal of Henan Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700900)
广东中烟科技攻关项目(2022440000340014)。
关键词
生物炭
海拔
植烟土壤
理化性质
细菌群落结构
biochar
altitude
tobacco-growing soil
physical and chemical properties
bacteria community structure
