摘要
人参皂苷具有调节免疫力、抗炎、抗疲劳和兴奋中枢神经等丰富的药理作用,目前在食品、药品领域广泛使用。人参皂苷有固有人参皂苷与稀有人参皂苷之分,两者具有相同的苷元结构,其主要差别在于与苷元连接的糖基数量。固有人参皂苷含量高,但是活性低、难吸收,稀有人参皂苷含量低,但是活性好、易吸收。通过不同的方式将高含量的固有人参皂苷转化为稀有人参皂苷是制备稀有人参皂苷的一种重要途径。传统的转化方式主要有化学转化法、物理转化法和微生物转化法。前两者对条件要求苛刻,制备成本较高,微生物转化法具有绿色环保、低成本、高转化率和高特异性的优点。对人参皂苷的转化方式进行综述,尤其关注微生物转化法,为稀有人参皂苷的获取提供思路及方法。
Ginsenosides exhibit diverse pharmacological effects,including immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,anti-fatigue,and central nervous system-stimulating effects,finding extensive application in the food and medicine fields.Ginsenosides can be classified into inherent ginsenosides and rare ginsenosides,both share identical aglycone structures but differ primarily in the number of glucosyl groups attached.Inherent ginsenosides have high content but low activity and are difficult to be absorbed,while rare ginsenosides have low content but good activity and are easy to be absorbed.Transforming inherent ginsenosides with high content into rare ginsenosides through different methods has become an important approach for preparing rare ginsenosides.The conventional transformation methods include chemical,physical,and microbial transformation methods.The first two have strict requirements for reaction conditions and high preparation costs.Microbial transformation has the advantages of environmental protection,low costs,high transformation rates,and high specificity.This review summarizes the transformation methods of ginsenosides,with a particular focus on microbial transformation methods,aiming to provide ideas and methods for obtaining rare ginsenosides.
作者
高兴
高燕
赵璇
赵渤年
GAO Xing;GAO Yan;ZHAO Xuan;ZHAO Bonian(Institute of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Ecological Protection and High Quality Development of Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Yellow River Basin,Jinan 250355,China;Jinan Key Laboratory of Discovery,Precision Fermentation,and Utilization of Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)
出处
《中国现代中药》
2025年第7期1379-1391,共13页
Modern Chinese Medicine
基金
山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0271)
山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目(ZR2022QH299)。
关键词
人参皂苷
人参皂苷转化
微生物发酵转化
ginsenosides
transformation of ginsenosides
transformation by microbial fermentation
