摘要
根据上海磁悬浮列车在线实车测试数据和气动噪声仿真计算结果,参考世界各国关于高速轮轨列车和高速磁悬浮列车车外噪声预测方法,提出一套高速磁悬浮列车环境噪声预测模型。推导出等效时间计算公式和噪声源强计算公式,速度600 km/h下噪声源强为107.8 dB(A)。根据不同指向性预测结果与实车测试通过噪声时域曲线对比,证明中间指向性预测结果误差最小。根据上海磁悬浮列车在线实车垂直断面测试结果,证明轨面以上1.5 m峰值位置为空气动力噪声源位置,轨面0 m峰值位置为结构噪声源位置。所提车外噪声预测模型的等效声级最大误差为1.3 dB(A),平均误差小于0.8 dB(A)。声屏障降噪效果:运行速度600 km/h无声屏障和直立式声屏障下,90 m内敏感点噪声大于70 dB(A);运行速度430 km/h直立式声屏障下,10~90 m内敏感点噪声为60~70 dB(A);对于全封闭声屏障线路,7.5 m外敏感点噪声小于50 dB(A),12.5 m外敏感点噪声小于45 dB(A)。
According to the online test data of Shanghai maglev train and the simulation results of aerodynamic noise,a set of environmental noise prediction models for high-speed maglev trains was proposed with reference to the external noise prediction methods for high-speed wheel-rail trains and high-speed maglev trains in various countries around the world.The equivalent time calculation formula and the noise source intensity calculation formula were derived,with the noise source intensity of 107.8 dB(A)at operating speeds of 600 km/h.The comparison of the prediction results of different directivities with the time-domain curves of pass-by noise in the real vehicle test proves that the error of the intermediate directivity prediction results is the smallest.The test results of the vertical section of the Shanghai maglev train show that the peak position of 1.5 m above the track surface is the location of the aerodynamic noise source,with the peak position of the track surface of 0 m being the location of the structure-borne noise source.The maximum error of the equivalent sound level of the proposed external noise prediction model is 1.3 dB(A),with the average error of less than 0.8 dB(A).Noise reduction effect of sound barriers:At operating speeds of 600 km/h without sound barriers and with vertical sound barriers,the noise at sensitive points within 90 m is greater than 70 dB(A).Under vertical sound barriers at operating speeds of 430 km/h,the noise at sensitive points within 10~90 m is 60~70 dB(A).For fully enclosed acoustic barrier lines,the noise at sensitive points beyond 7.5 m is less than 50 dB(A),with the noise at sensitive points beyond 12.5 m being less than 45 dB(A).
作者
葛剑敏
程世全
刘殊
张乾
陈雨豪
GE Jianmin;CHENG Shiquan;LIU Shu;ZHANG Qian;CHEN Yuhao(School of Physics Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Environmental Engineering Assessment Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100006,China;Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412007,China)
出处
《铁道学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期64-74,共11页
Journal of the China Railway Society
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1200602-02)
中国工程院重大战略咨询项目(2018-ZD-16)。
关键词
高速磁悬浮系统
噪声
声屏障
等效时间
等效噪声源强
high-speed maglev system
noise
sound barrier
equivalent time
equivalent noise source
