摘要
同为清朝末年的国立大学,北洋大学堂与京师大学堂都是开风气之先的学校,代表了中国近代高等教育探索的两种路径。北洋大学堂效仿美国模式,以“西学体用”的办学理念和“兴学救国”的立教宗旨选择学科与课程;京师大学堂则在不动摇封建统治的前提下,构建以保留经学为特征的通才教育范式。两者在办学上的分野不仅体现在课程设置与师资结构等实践层面,更深植于办学主体对大学本质的认知及其背后对“技术移植”与“制度改良”的路径选择。两所大学堂虽选择了不同的实现路径,但同为时代洪流裹挟下的实践摸索,本质上不分优劣,共同构成中国高等教育转型的双重动力。
Both as national universities established in the late Qing Dynasty,Peiyang University and Imperial University of Peking were pioneers in educational innovation,representing two distinct approaches to China’s modern higher education exploration.Peiyang University emulated the American model,adopting an educational philosophy of“Western knowledge for practical use”and an educational mission of“revitalizing the nation through education”,thereby selecting disciplines and curricula accordingly.In contrast,Imperial University of Peking,without shaking the feudal foundations,constructed a general education paradigm characterized by the preservation of Confucian classics.The divergence in their educational practices was not only reflected in practical aspects such as curriculum design and faculty structure but was also deeply rooted in the educational founders’perceptions of the essence of universities and their choices between“technological transplantation”and“institutional reform”.Despite their different paths,both universities were experimental endeavors caught up in the tide of the times,and neither was inherently superior or inferior to the other.Together,they constituted a dual driving force for China’s higher education transformation.
作者
张嘉璐
ZHANG Jia-lu(Department of Education,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《河北北方学院学报(社会科学版)》
2025年第1期53-58,63,共7页
Journal of Hebei North University(Social Science Edition)
关键词
北洋大学堂
京师大学堂
高等教育
盛宣怀
Peiyang University
Imperial University of peking
higher education
Sheng Xuanhuai
