摘要
目的了解2023年广州市登革热流行情况和疫点的蚊媒密度,为优化登革热防控措施提供理论依据。方法收集2023年广州市登革热病例报告资料及疫点蚊媒密度监测数据,分析疫情的流行病学特征和疫点应急监测结果。SPSS 26.0软件用于统计分析,分别采用t检验和Spearman秩相关性分析进行平均值比较和相关性检验。结果2023年广州市共报告登革热1801例,其中本地病例1716例,输入病例85例,境内输入主要来自云南省,境外输入主要来自东南亚地区;本地病例集中在中心城区,占全市报告发病总数的81.76%(1403/1716),发病高峰期为10-11月,感染人群职业多为离退人员、家务及待业和商业服务。2023年广州市蚊媒应急队开展应急监测616次,处置前监测的平均标准间指数(SSI)为2.10,平均成蚊密度(ADI)为6.54只/(人·h)。疫情报告3 d内全市SSI和ADI达标率分别为44.00%和20.00%。登革热本地病例数与SSI(rs=0.431,P<0.001)和ADI(rs=0.470,P<0.001)均呈正相关。结论广州市登革热疫情规模已回升至新型冠状病毒感染疫情之前的水平,日常蚊媒控制效果不佳导致传播风险较大,需强化蚊媒密度的日常管理和监测预警,在疫情早期及时发现病例并有效开展应急处置,加快应急蚊媒控制的速度。
Objective:To investigate the incidence of dengue fever and mosquito density at the epidemic sites in Guangzhou,China in 2023,so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing prevention and control measures against dengue fever.Methods:The data about dengue cases and the vector mosquito density surveillance data of the epidemic sites were collected in Guangzhou in 2023 to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever and assess the status of mosquito emergency surveillance at the epidemic sites.Mean comparisons and correlation tests were performed using the t-test and Spearman rank correlation analysis in SPSS 26.0.Results:In 2023,Guangzhou reported a total of 1801 cases of dengue fever,including 1716 local cases and 85 imported cases.Domestically imported cases were mainly from Yunnan Province,while overseas imported cases mainly originated from Southeast Asia.Local cases were concentrated in the central urban area,accounting for 81.76%(1403/1716)of the total number.The incidence of dengue peaked during October to November.The infected population mainly consisted of retired personnel,household workers and the unemployed,and commercial service workers.The municipal mosquito vector emergency team conducted emergency surveillance 616 times in 2023,with an average standard space index(SSI)of 2.10 and an average adult-mosquito density index(ADI)of 6.54 individuals/human∙hour for the first surveillance(before control).Within 3 days after epidemic reporting,the compliance rates of SSI and ADI were 44.00%and 20.00%,respectively.The number of local dengue cases was positively correlated with the SSI(rs=0.431,P<0.001)and ADI(rs=0.470,P<0.001).Conclusions:The scale of dengue fever epidemics in Guangzhou has rebounded to the level before the COVID-19 pandemic.The poor effectiveness of daily mosquito control leads to a high risk of dengue transmission.It is necessary to strengthen the daily management and surveillance of mosquito density,timely detect dengue fever cases in the early stage and effectively carry out emergency response,and improve the speed of emergency mosquito vector control.
作者
冉睿
鲁影
刘文辉
代伯峰
甄若楠
张微
廖鑫龙
罗雷
RAN Rui;LU Ying;LIU Wen-hui;DAI Bo-feng;ZHEN Ruo-nan;ZHANG Wei;LIAO Xin-long;LUO Lei(Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Guangzhou Health Supervision Institute),Guangzhou,Guangdong 510440,China)
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
2025年第3期373-379,共7页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
基金
广州市科技计划项目(2024A03J0369)
广州市卫生健康科技项目(20251A010048)
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2021A1111120009)。
关键词
登革热
蚊媒密度
疫点监测
相关分析
Dengue fever
Mosquito vector density
Epidemic site surveillance
Correlation analysis
