摘要
【目的】在新能源高渗透率背景下,多虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)协同运行面临不确定性风险与利益冲突的双重挑战,提出一种融合风险量化与混合博弈的多VPP协同优化策略,将条件风险价值(conditional value-at-risk,CVaR)风险量化方法与多主体博弈框架深度结合,为高比例新能源接入下的多VPP协同优化研究提供了新思路。【方法】首先,设计拉丁超立方采样与曼哈顿概率距离结合的场景分析法以处理风光、电价不确定性,采用CVaR衡量不确定性风险影响;其次,搭建配电网运营商(distribution system operator,DSO)与VPP联盟的Stackelberg博弈框架,VPP联盟基于合作博弈,建立计及电能贡献度的非对称纳什议价模型,并将模型分解为联盟效益最大化和合作效益分配2个子问题;最后,采用二分法和交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)求解混合博弈模型。【结果】仿真结果表明,所提多VPP协同优化策略能够有效提高VPP联盟运行经济性,提升面临不确定性风险时的运行可靠性与安全性。【结论】所提策略提升了多VPP协同运行灵活性,在CVaR风险量化与多主体博弈的作用下,提高系统运行综合效益的同时实现公平的合作效益分配,且VPP可根据风险厌恶系数平衡风险-效益关系,为VPP制定合理调度决策提供参考。
[Objective]In the context of high renewable energy penetration,the collaborative operation of multiple virtual power plants(VPPs)faces dual challenges:uncertainty risks and conflicts in benefit distribution.This study proposes a collaborative optimization strategy for multiple VPPs that integrates risk quantification with hybrid game theory by combining conditional value-at-risk(CVaR)and a multi-agent game framework.This approach provides a new perspective for collaborative VPP optimization in scenarios with high renewable energy integration.[Methods]First,a scenario analysis method combining Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)and Manhattan probability distance was designed to address the uncertainties in wind and solar output as well as electricity prices.CVaR was adopted to measure the impact of these uncertainty risks.Second,a Stackelberg game framework was constructed between the distribution system operator(DSO)and the VPP alliance,where the VPP alliance,based on cooperative game theory,established an asymmetric Nash bargaining model incorporating energy contributions.The model was then decomposed into two subproblems:maximizing alliance benefits and distributing cooperative benefits.Finally,the hybrid game model was solved using a combination of the bisection method and the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM).[Results]Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed coordinated optimization strategy for VPPs effectively enhances the operational economy of the VPP alliance and improves operational reliability and security under uncertainty.[Conclusions]The proposed strategy increased the flexibility of coordinated operations among multiple VPPs.By incorporating CVaR for risk quantification and multi-agent game theory,the strategy not only enhances overall system benefits but also ensures a fair distribution of cooperative gains.Moreover,VPPs can balance the risk-benefit trade-off based on their risk aversion coefficients,providing a valuable reference for rational dispatch decision-making.
作者
汤晨阳
王磊
江伟建
TANG Chenyang;WANG Lei;JIANG Weijian(College of Electrical Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China;State Grid Jiaxing Electric Power Company,Jiaxing 314000,Zhejiang Province,China)
出处
《电力建设》
北大核心
2025年第7期27-41,共15页
Electric Power Construction
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61873159)。
