摘要
建成了以若尔盖湿地草原为重点、辐射整个黄河源区的能量—水分—碳循环综合观测网络,揭示了高原草地和湿地生态系统从叶片—群体—生态系统—区域尺度碳循环特征及其对气候变化的响应机理,建立了基于高原草毡层退化的草地生态监测和恢复技术,显著降低了生态治理成本并增强了其可持续性。厘清了冻土—积雪—植被—大气相互作用的关键过程与机理,研发了具有自主知识产权的SHUD(Simulator of Hydrologic Unstructured Domains)水文模型及其软件工具包,改进了青藏高原陆面—生态—水文模拟,深化了对黄河源区生态恢复水文效应的认识。提出了青藏高原强局地陆面大气耦合过程是维持高原午后对流降水的机制,为开展高原午后对流降水预报和区域气候与生态系统协同调控提供了科学依据。
An integrated observation network for the energy-water-carbon cycle,with the Zoige wetland and grassland as the focus and covering the source area of the Yellow River(YRSR),has been established,which systematically revealed the characteristics of ecosystem evolution and carbon cycle in grassland and wetland ecosystems of the Zoige Plateau from the leaf-community-ecosystem-regional scales and its response mechanism to climate change,and accordingly,the ecological monitoring and restoration techniques for different types of degraded grassland based on the degradation of the alpine grass mattic epipedon were established,which significantly reduced the cost and enhanced the sustainability of the ecological management.The key processes and mechanisms of permafrost-snowpack-vegetation-atmosphere interactions have been clarified,and the SHUD(Simulator of Hydrologic Unstructured Domains)hydrological model and its software toolkit with packages including snow,permafrost,and alpine lakes have been developed,and the simulation for land surface processes,dynamic vegetation and hydrology were improved,deepening the understanding of the ecological evolution and hydrological effects of ecological restoration in the YRSR.It is proposed that the strong local land-atmosphere coupling process on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is the mechanism to maintain the afternoon convective precipitation on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,and the local land-surface-ecosystem-atmosphere coupling processes have been confirmed to play an important role in the water-energy-carbon cycles and their evolution on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,which provides a key scientific basis for the forecasting of afternoon convective precipitation on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau based on land-atmosphere interactions and the synergistic control of regional climate and ecosystems.
作者
孟宪红
尚伦宇
李照国
王少影
舒乐乐
陈昊
赵林
苏培玺
张宇
吕世华
MENG Xianhong;SHANG Lunyu;LI Zhaoguo;WANG Shaoying;SHU Lele;CHEN Hao;ZHAO Lin;SU Peixi;ZHANG Yu;LYU Shihua(State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Zoige Plateau Wetlands Ecosystem Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
北大核心
2025年第6期1128-1137,共10页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(42325502)。
关键词
黄河水塔
高原草地湿地生态系统
多圈层相互作用
气候变化
the Yellow River Water Tower
alpine wetland and grassland ecosystem
multi-spherical interaction
climate change
