摘要
锂在当今各行各业中得到广泛应用,尤其是近年来新能源及相关产业的蓬勃发展,激发了各国对锂资源的激烈争夺。黔北杨家坪一带是近年来新发现的锂异常区,本文通过探矿工程揭露和617件化学样品进行统计分析,结合XRD测试等方法探索含铝岩系分层特征及锂富集规律。研究结果表明:含铝岩系可分为6小层,以第①层、第③层、第④层为常见。锂主要富集在含矿岩系大竹园组(P1d)中上部致密状铝土岩中,由于含铝岩系顶部第⑤层、第⑥层不发育,表明顶部不是锂的主要赋存部位,亦指示区内铝土矿不具规模。锂在不同岩性中的含量不同,表现为致密状铝土岩(矿)>含碎屑或豆致密状铝土岩(矿)>铝土岩>碎屑状铝土矿>铝质黏土岩。含铝岩系各分层的发育程度及锂在各分层中的富集程度不同,指示含铝岩系在沉积成岩过程中经历了多期次的风化淋滤作用。锂的富集与主要化学组分具有相关性,Al_(2)O_(3)含量临界点为45%,ω(Al_(2)O_(3))<45%时,Al_(2)O_(3)与Li_(2)O呈正相关,ω(Al_(2)O_(3))>45%时,Al_(2)O_(3)与Li_(2)O呈负相关;铝硅比<2时,铝硅比与Li_(2)O呈正相关,铝硅比>2时,铝硅比与Li_(2)O呈负相关;ω(Li_(2)O)>0.40%,Fe_(2)O_(3)含量一般低于5%。在含铝岩系中锂含量与绿泥石呈正相关,与伊利石呈负相关,指示富锂矿物为锂绿泥石。
Lithium is widely used in various industries today,especially with the rapid development of new energy and related industries in recent years,which has sparked fierce competition among countries for lithium resources.The Yangjiaping Area in Northern Guizhou is a newly discovered lithium anomaly area in recent years.This paper explores the stratification characteristics of aluminum-bearing rock series and the regularity of lithium enrichment,through prospecting engineering exposure,statistical analysis of 617 chemical samples,combined with XRD testing and other methods.The research shows the aluminum-bearing rock series can be divided into six layers,with Layers①,③,and④being the most commonly developed.Lithium is primarily enriched in the middle-upper dense bauxite rock of the Dazhuyuan Formation(P1d),The Layers⑤and⑥at the top are underdeveloped.Since the upper Layers⑤and⑥of the aluminum-bearing rock series are undeveloped,this indicates that the top section is not the main host of lithium,while also suggesting that the bauxite deposits in the area are not of significant scale.The lithium content varies across rock types,ranked as follows:dense bauxite rock(ore)>clastic/oolitic dense bauxite rock(ore)>bauxite rock>clastic bauxite ore>aluminous claystone.The uneven development of sub-layers and varying lithium enrichment levels suggest that the aluminum-bearing rock series underwent multiple stages of weathering and leaching during sedimentation and diagenesis.The enrichment of lithium is related to the main chemical components,with a critical point of Al_(2)O_(3)content at 45%.When ω(Al_(2)O_(3))<45%,Al_(2)O_(3)is positively correlated with Li_(2)O,when ω(Al_(2)O_(3))>45%,Al_(2)O_(3)is negatively correlated with Li_(2)O.When the aluminum-silicon ratio is less than 2,the aluminum-silicon ratio is positively correlated with Li_(2)O,when the aluminum-silicon ratio exceeds 2,the aluminum-silicon ratio is negatively correlated with Li_(2)O.Whenω(Li_(2)O)>0.40%,Fe_(2)O_(3) is generally less than 5%.In aluminum-rich rock series,positive correlation with chlorite,negative correlation with illite,suggesting lithium-bearing chlorite as the primary host mineral.
作者
周国臣
石再平
刘登言
冯永成
吴显飞
李琪
ZHOU Guochen;SHI Zaiping;LIU Dengyan;FENG Yongcheng;WU Xianfei;LI Qi(No.3 Geological Party,Non-Ferrous Metals and Nuclear Industry Geological Exploration Bureau of Guizhou,Zunyi 563000,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2025年第S1期600-607,共8页
China Mining Magazine
基金
贵州省新一轮找矿突破战略行动项目“贵州省湄潭县杨家坪铝多金属矿普查”资助(编号:[2023]119号-7)。
关键词
地质特征
含铝岩系
锂
大竹园组
富集规律
贵州省
geological feature
aluminum-bearing rock serie
lithium
Dazhuayuan Formation
enrichment regulation
Guizhou Province
