摘要
步进电机广泛应用于空间光学遥感器机构中,传统设计驱动电路与电机单一对应,想要实现大规模步进电机的驱动控制,需要大量继电器进行信号切换,会导致电路的规模过大、成本过高;此外遥感器机构在发射过程中通常需要进行锁定,一般通过步进电机的保持力矩来完成,但是大量步进电机的相绕组同时加电,也会导致相机分系统功耗过高的问题。为实现大规模步进电机的驱动控制与弱电流锁定功能,文章对多通道星载步进电机驱动复用技术进行了研究,设计了一种驱动复用电路,可实现多台步进电机的分时运动控制以及同步锁定功能,锁定电流值可以根据实际需求进行调节。针对设计的驱动复用电路,选用10台步进电机作为负载进行功能测试,试验结果表明:10台电机可实现分时运动控制功能,运行时电源电流为3 A,为步进电机额定电流值;10台电机可实现同步锁定功能,在100 kHz的调制频率下,锁定时电源电流为5 A,平均单台电机的锁定电流为0.5 A,仅为传统单相锁定电流的1/6。基于多通道星载步进电机驱动复用技术,不但可以对大规模步进电机的运动进行控制,还能够实现同步弱电流锁定功能,有效降低系统功耗,提高光学遥感器在发射过程和在轨运行中的可靠性。
Stepper motors are widely used in space optical remote sensing mechanisms.The driving circuit and the motor in traditional design correspond in quantity,in order to achieve the drive control of large-scale stepper motors,a large number of relays are required for signal switching.The design has the problem of excessive circuit scale and high cost.In addition,remote sensing mechanisms often need to be locked during the launch process,which is generally achieved through the holding torque of stepper motors.However,a large number of stepper motors are simultaneously powered,which can also lead to high power consumption in the camera subsystem.In order to realize the drive control and weak current locking function of large-scale stepper motors,this paper studies the drive multiplexing technology of multi-channel spaceborne stepper motor.The designed drive multiplexing circuit can realize time-sharing motion control and synchronous locking function for multi-channel stepper motors,and the locking current can be adjusted according to actual needs.For the designed drive multiplexing circuit,10 stepper motors are selected for functional testing.The experimental results show that 10 motors can achieve time-sharing motion control function,and the power supply current is 3 A,which is the rated current value of the stepper motor.The 10 motors can achieve synchronous locking function and the power supply current during locking is 5 A at the modulation frequency of 100 kHz,while the average locking current of a single motor is 0.5 A,only 1/6 of the traditional single-phase locking current.Based on multi-channel spaceborne stepper motor drive multiplexing technology,not only can the motion of large-scale stepper motors be controlled,but also synchronous weak current locking function can be achieved,effectively reducing the power consumption of the system and improving the reliability of optical remote sensing launch process and in orbit operation.
作者
张超
陈焕红
陈雨航
张艾
康建兵
ZHANG Chao;CHEN Huanhong;CHEN Yuhang;ZHANG Ai;KANG Jianbing(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Sunwise Information Technology Ltd.,Beijing 100190,China;Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《航天返回与遥感》
北大核心
2025年第3期74-83,共10页
Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing
关键词
空间光学遥感器
驱动复用
分时控制
同步锁定
多通道电机
space optics remote sensor
drive multiplexing
time-sharing control
synchronous locking
multi-channel motor
