摘要
赋存于页岩层中的甲烷(页岩气)的成功开发是当前和未来全球天然气增产的主要来源,对能源供给、结构调整和绿色过渡至关重要.然而,伴随页岩气开采产生的采出水中有机物来源及潜在健康风险不明确.其中,具有致癌、致畸、致突变危害的多环芳烃(PAHs)是广受关注的一类高风险污染物,但目前对其在页岩气采出水中的赋存和环境风险等缺乏整体认识,亦未成为采出水处理的目标.通过总结国内外文献报道发现,国内外采出水中的PAHs在种类上无明显差异,但国内采出水中低分子量PAHs浓度要高于国外,其种类和浓度受到地质储存条件、开采工艺等多种因素的影响.目前对于生物降解PAHs的研究主要通过中间产物来识别降解路径,且主要集中在好氧生物降解,对于不同体系中厌氧生物降解机理的研究有待进一步深化与完善.结合国内外已有针对PAHs的生物处理技术研究可以发现,生物处理技术对于处理页岩气采出水中的PAHs有着较大的潜力.建议未来关于页岩气采出水中PAHs的研究聚焦于高分辨识别采出水中的PAHs种类及浓度并进行溯源、深化和完善PAHs厌氧生物降解的机理以及开发针对PAHs降解的页岩气采出水处理技术等方面.(图6表1参98)
The successful exploitation of methane(shale gas),endowed in shale formations,is a major source of current and future increases in global natural gas production and is critical to energy supply,structural adjustment,and green transition.However,the sources and potential health risks of the organic matter in the extracted water accompanying shale gas extraction remain unclear.Among them,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are a class of high-risk pollutants of wide concern,which are carcinogenic,teratogenic,and mutagenic.However,currently,their presence in shale gas-produced water and their environmental risks are unknown,and they have not been the target of produced water treatment.By summarizing the domestic and international literature reports,no obvious difference was observed in the types of PAHs in domestic and foreign produced water.However,the concentration of low-molecular-weight PAHs in domestic produced water is higher than that in foreign countries,and their types and concentrations are affected by various factors,such as geological storage conditions and extraction processes.At present,research on the biodegradation of PAHs mainly identifies the degradation path through intermediate products and focuses on aerobic biodegradation;however,research on the mechanism of anaerobic biodegradation in different systems needs further investigation.Combined with the domestic and international research on the biological treatment of PAHs,biological treatment technology was determined to have a greater potential for PAH treatment in shale gas-produced water.Future research on PAHs in shale gas-produced water should focus on identifying and tracing PAHs in produced water with high resolution,improving our understanding of its mechanism of anaerobic biodegradation and developing shale gas-produced water treatment technologies for PAHs degradation.
作者
侯争鸣
丁阿强
卢培利
全林
青佳奕
潘俊鸥
李雄
HOU Zhengming;DING Aqiang;LU Peili;QUAN Lin;QING Jiayi;PAN Jun’ou;LI Xiong(Sate Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;SINOPEC Chongqing Shale Gas Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 408400,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期752-767,共16页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52070025,52200086)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1805503)
重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB3066)
煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室面上项目(2011DA105287-MS202213)资助。
关键词
页岩气
采出水
多环芳烃
生物降解:生物处理技术
shale gas
produced water
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHS)
biodegradation
biological treatment technology
