摘要
认知功能下降是一个从轻度认知功能障碍到痴呆的病理过程。醛固酮是肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统中的主要效应激素,通过与盐皮质激素受体特异性结合,参与对中枢神经系统的调节。醛固酮异常表达与认知功能障碍关系密切,其可通过诱导氧化应激、激活炎症、破坏血脑屏障完整性等多重机制损害认知功能。在高盐饮食或醛固酮水平异常增高的病理状态下,盐皮质激素受体过度激活,可加剧认知功能损害,而应用盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂进行干预,则可改善认知功能障碍。本文就认知功能障碍的流行病学特点、醛固酮对认知功能的影响及可能机制的研究进展作一综述。
Cognitive decline is a pathological process from mild cognitive impairment to dementia.Aldosterone,the major effector hormone in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,regulates the central nervous system by specifically binding to the mineralocorticoid receptors.Abnormal aldosterone expression is closely involved in cognitive impairment,as it can impair cognitive function through multiple mechanisms inducing oxidative stress,activating inflammation,and disrupting the integrity of blood-brain barrier.In pathological conditions such as high-salt diets or abnormally elevated aldosterone levels,overactivation of the mineralocorticoid receptors can exacerbate cognitive impairment,while intervention with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists can improve cognitive impairment.This paper reviews the research progress of the epidemiological characteristics of cognitive impairment,the effects of aldosterone on cognitive function,and its potential mechanisms.
作者
阿克提列克·奴苏甫江
李南方
Aketilieke NUSUFUJIANG;LI Nanfang(Graduate School of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830000,China;Hypertension Center,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Xinjiang Hypertension Institute,NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"Xinjiang Hypertension Research Laboratory",Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension(CardioCerebrovascular)Diseases,Urumqi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830000,China)
出处
《中华实用诊断与治疗杂志》
2025年第5期472-476,共5页
Journal of Chinese Practical Diagnosis and Therapy
基金
天山英才培养计划-科技创新团队(2023TSYCTD0016)。
关键词
认知功能障碍
醛固酮
盐皮质激素受体
cognitive impairment
aldosterone
mineralocorticoid receptors
